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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A blob like igneous rock body that has cooled beneath the surface of the earth is called a... |
Pluton |
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A dyke is a... |
Sheet like or branching vertical intrusion that cuts across preexisting layers |
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A still is a... |
Cool horizontal layer of magma |
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Igneous rocks... |
Are formed through the freezing or solidification of melt |
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As compared to course-grained igneous rocks, all fine-grained igneous rocks are... |
Cooled and solidify more quickly |
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Most commonly, felsic igneous rocks... |
Are lighter in color than mafic rocks. |
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Which type of magma has the greatest silica content? |
Felsic |
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An earthquake occurs within the epicenter of New M... Missouri in the interior of the North American plate. Where might the hypocenter of this earthquake plausibly be found? |
200 kilometers beneath new Madrid |
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Earthquake waves that pass through the interior of the earth are called... |
Body waves |
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Surface waves... |
Cause the most damage to buildings during earthquakes |
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Which type of earthquake travels the fastest? |
Primary |
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Of the 3 primary sub aerial volcanoes _________ has the most gently sloping sides, due to the low viscosity of basaltic lavas which form them. |
Shield |
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Of the 3 primary sub aerial volcanoes __________ are sometimes referred to as composite volcanoes are usually the most violent. |
Strato |
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The greatest hazard in human life associated with volcanoes is.... |
Pyroclasic flows |
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The breakdown of exposed rocks into smaller fragments and dissolved ions is called... |
Weathering |
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Grains become more rounded primarily during... |
Erosion |
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Which transport medium carries the largest particles? |
Glaciers |
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T or F: Sedimentary deposition is a continuous process. Rivers, lakes and ocean deposit sediments non-stop at a fairly consistent rate. |
False |
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Sea level rises locally, and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed... |
Transgression |
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Squashing a fly with a fly swatter is an example of... |
Compression |
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Spreading peanut butter on bread is an application of what kind of stress? |
Shear stress |
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The little pieces of rock that are formed as the result of weathering are often called... |
Clasts |
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A region of formally metamorphosed rocks surrounding the cooled pluton is called... |
Aureole |
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You are in the Carribean and you find a rock made of seashells. To test this hypothesis you... |
Put a drop of hydrochloric acid |
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In a rock sequence you notice the glares change from deep marine to shallow marine to terrestrial as you go up. An example of... |
Regression |
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You're at the top of Mt. Everest and you notice that rocks you're standing on are made of fossilferous limestone. You know that this rock is from a warm tropical environment, so how did it get to the top of the highest snowy mountain on this planet? |
Compression of plate tectonics |
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Of the clasts in a sedimentary rock are the same type of mineral and are all the same size. This is an example of... |
Good sorting |
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The process of sediments settling down in an environment to become sedimentary rocks is called... |
Deposition |
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Rocks with mixed mineralogy exposed to heat and pressure will form... |
Mutations |
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Metamorphism associated with mountain building is called... |
Regional |
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Rocks containing only 1 mineral type when exposed to metamorphism will... |
Never have foliations |
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Which waves travel the fastest? |
Primary |
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Which wave is compressional? |
Primary |
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Which wave causes the most damage? |
Love |
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T or F: Hypocenters are the location of earthquakes on the surface and not the ground. |
False |
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What is the Law of Horizontality? |
Horizontal layers |
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The Law of Cross Cutting states what? |
The ones cutting are younger, the one being cut are older |
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What is the Law of Super Position? |
Oldest on the bottom, youngest on top |
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You find a piece of shale, a fine-grained sedimentary rock that has a dinosaur footprint in it. You decide it is.... |
Most likely from Jurassic |
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Metamorphism associated with movement primarily along faults is called a... |
Dynamic |
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Sedimentary rocks are good for all of the following but... |
The temperature for metamorphic gradient |
