Geography Gcse Aqa The Costal Zone

Front 1

The Costal Zone

Front 2

Coast

Back 2

Where land meets sea

Front 3

Swash

Back 3

Forward movement up a beach

Front 4

Backwash

Back 4

Backward movement down a beach

Front 5

Fetch

Back 5

The stretch of open water over which the wind blows. The longer the fetch the more powerful the wave

Front 6

Weathering

Back 6

The disintegration of rock in their original place at or close to the surface

Front 7

Physical Weathering

Back 7

The disintegration of rock without any chemical changes taking place

Front 8

Chemical weathering

Back 8

Chemical changes occur when weathering takes place.

Front 9

Biological weathering

Back 9

Plants and roots grow and expand cracks.

Front 10

Sub-arial Process

Back 10

Includes weathering and mass movement

Front 11

Hydraulic power

Back 11

The weight and impact of water and air trapped in cracks, increasing pressure and cause the rock to break off

Front 12

Abrasion

Back 12

Sand and pebbles are thrown against rock face, causing pieces to break off and cause undercutting

Front 13

Attrition

Back 13

Particles carried by waves are reduced in size as they collide

Front 14

Solution

Back 14

Chemical action of rocks by sea water, rocks dissolve and carried by solution

Front 15

Back 15

1- Suspension

2-Traction

3-Solution

4- Saltation

Front 16

Hows does LSD occur

Back 16

Material move up the beach at an angle in the swash controlled by prevailing wind, the material carried down the beach in the backwash

Front 17

Where do wave-cut notches occur

Back 17

Base of a cliff

Front 18

What is a Bar

Back 18

A bar is a spit which has grown right across a bay

Front 19

Mass movement

Back 19

Downhill movement of material due to gravity

Front 20

Constructive waves

Back 20

Strong swash, weak backwash

Front 21

Destructive waves

Back 21

Weak swash, strong backwash

Front 22

Slumping

Back 22

Downhill movement along a curved surface

Front 23

Spit

Back 23

Finger of new land made of sand jutting into sea.

Front 24

Salt marsh

Back 24

Low-lying costal marshes

Front 25

Wave-cut notch

Back 25

A small cut in a cliff

Front 26

Wave-cut platform

Back 26

A wide gently sloping rocky surface at the foot of a cliff

Front 27

Why are the Holderness cliffs collapsing

Back 27

Made from soft rock, (boulder clay)

Beach is very narrow and thin ( wave-cut notch)

Destructive waves

Boulder clay is impermeable

Front 28

Boulder clay

Back 28

Soft clay left behind after glaciers

Front 29

Impermeable

Back 29

Doesn't allow water to soak through

Front 30

Managing retreat

Back 30

controlled flooding of low lying costal areas

Front 31

Revetment

Back 31

Rock armour

Front 32

Some causes of rising sea levels

Back 32

Global warming

Thermal expansion

enhanced green house effect

Front 33

Problems caused by rising sea levels

Back 33

Costal flooding

islands already disappeared

storm surges

salt water pools

Front 34

Abiotic

Back 34

Non-living organisms

Front 35

Biotic

Back 35

Living organisms

Front 36

Conditions needed for the development of sand dunes

Back 36

Regular supply of sediments

Wide sandy beach

Onshore winds

Vegetation

Front 37

whats a psammosere?

Back 37

sand dune succsession

Front 38

Back 38

1- Embryo dune

2- Fore dune

3- Yellow dune

4- Grey dune

5- Dune slack

6- Mature dune

Front 39

Some management strategies of Studland Heath

Back 39

close some areas for study only

educating people about how dunes are fragile

no BBQ's

no noisy leisure activities

Front 40

Invader species

Back 40

Species which invade the pioneer species

Front 41

Pioneer species

Back 41

The first plant species to colonies an area