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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What causes a destructive plate margin to occur?
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Convection currents
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What type of plate is the oldest and why?
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Continental
The oceanic crust melts into magma at the point of subduction, this then rises and solidifies, creating new oceanic crust. It is constantly being recycled. |
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Give example of a destructive plate margin
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Nazca (oceanic) and the South American (continental)
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What type of plates are involved on a constructive plate margin
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Two oceanic
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What type of plates are involved on a conservative plate margin
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Oceanic and continental
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What type of plates are involved on a collision plate margin
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Two continental
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Give an example of a conservative plate margin
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Pacific plate (oceanic) North American (continental)
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What plate boundary is a composite volcano found on?
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Destructive plate boundary
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What are the properties of the lava in a composite volcano?
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Thick, viscous consistency and therefore flows slowly
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Give an example of a composite volcano
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Mount Fuji in Japan
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What plate margin is a shield volcano found on?
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Constructive plate margin
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Give an example of a shield volcano
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Mauna Loa in the Hawaiian islands
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What is the difference between the Richter scale and the Mercalli scale?
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Richter is measured by machine, Mercalli is based on personal experience
Richter measures the power of the earthquake, Mercalli measures the damage |
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How are fold mountains formed?
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Sediment accumulates in geosynclines under the sea due to rivers bringing sediment into the ocean
Sediment compresses into rock after millions of years As the plates come together the sedimentary rock is forced up, forming fold mountains |
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Give an example of a constructive plate margin
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North American and Eurasian plates
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What are the three P's that help reduce the effects of an earthquake?
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Predict
Prepare Protect |
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How can you predict an earthquake?
Name 4 |
Invest in scientists to monitor ground movements
Analysis animals for strange behaviour Global Positioning Systems monitor changes in the shape of the land Seismometers record vibrations in the ground, foreshocks? |
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How has Japan prepared for earthquakes?
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On September 1st of every year they have a Disaster Prevention Day where all emergency drills are practised by local governments across the country
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How has the USA prepared for earthquakes?
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They have the Federal Emergency Management Agency that give advice to people and produce emergency plans
Active since 2001 |
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What building in San Francisco is earthquake proof?
How tall? Why should it withstand an earthquake? |
One Rincon Hill
641 feet Concrete core Steel supports Water tank to slow down the sway and balance the building during an earthquake |
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Where is Taipei 101?
How many floors? How much does the steel counterbalance weigh? |
Taiwan
101 200 tonnes |
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Which other building in San Francisco is earthquake proof?
Why is it earthquake proof? |
Transamerica Pyramid
Wide base to keep building stable Foundations are deep, reaching the bed rock Shatterproof glass |
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What building in Mexico City is earthquake proof?
How deep are the foundations? How many tonnes of steel make up the skeleton of the building? What other reasons make it earthquake proof? What magnitude of earthquake is it designed to withstand? |
Torre Mayor
130 feet 20,000- Double the Eiffel Tower Diamond bracing with shock absorbers 9 |
