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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does glacial ice erodebedrock? |
· Moves along base of mountain, drags rockymaterial with it and is freezing to process· Abrasionand plucking |
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What occurs in the zone of ablation? |
melting and evaporation at the bottom of the glacier |
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What are some examples of alpine glacial landforms? |
cirque - bowl-shaped depression at the head of the glacier horn - glacially curved mountain peak moraine - |
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what are some examples of continental glacial landforms? |
terminal - bottom of rocky terrain at the side of mountain lateral - side medial - middle |
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how is glacial till formed? how is outwash formed? |
till is formed by glacial ice outwash - meltwater |
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how long ago, and over what time spans, did the last interglacial, the last glacial, and present interglacial occur? |
warm interglacials -125,000 BP -115,000 BP cold glacial -10,000 BP warm interglacial -today |
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what is the most probable cause of glacial/inter-glacial climate cycles |
earth-sun geometry |
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what is an ecosystem? |
a group of plants, animals, and microbes interacting with each other and their environment |
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what are the characteristics of a pioneer plant? |
pioneer can survive low nutrients able to grow in abundant sunlight drought tolerant |
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what are the characteristics of a climax plant community |
end point succession where the species composition continues in the same proportions |
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what are the various plant habits? |
perennial - > 2 years annual - less than or equal to 1 year ephemeral - < 1 year hydrophyte - water loving xerophytes - drought tolerant |
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what soil type is typically found associated with a tropical rainforest? |
oxisols |
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what soil type is typically found associated with arid deserts? |
aridisol |
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what defines the tropics of cancer and capricorn? |
23 1/2 degrees N & 23 1/2 degrees S subsolar point position cancer - north capricorn - south |
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what is the subsolar point and between what latitudes is it found |
point on Earth's surface where sun's rays are perpendicular directly overhead |
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what defines the solstices and equinoxes and when do they occur |
when sun hits 23 1/2 degrees north/south solstice - december 22, june 22 (longest day/night) equinox - march 22, september 22 (12 hour day/night) |
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what are the five main causes of aridity on Earth? |
subtropical high continentality rainshadow cold polar air cold ocean currents |
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transverse dunes lay ______ to the main wind direction |
perpendicular |
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longitudinal dunes lay ________ to the main wind direction |
parallel |
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Barchan dunes have points (horns) that point ______ |
downwind |
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parabolic dunes have points (horns) that point _______ |
upwind |
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pediment and alluvial fans are a part of the ________ |
piedmont zone |
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the convergence of alluvial fans creates ______ |
bajadas |
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the bouncing of sand during Aeolian transport is a form of _____ |
saltation |
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cirques are landforms associated with ________ glaciers |
alpine |
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moraines are landforms associated with _______ & _______ glaciers |
alpine and continental |
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horns are landforms found associated with _______ glaciers |
alpine |
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the last major glaciation in north american ended _______ years BP |
10,000 |
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the previous interglacial period on Earth occured at approximately ________ years BP |
125,000 |
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the current interglacial warm period on Earth began about _________ years BP |
10,000 |
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the timing of glacial/interglacial climate cycles is primarily controlled by _________ |
earth-sun geometry |
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a group of plants, animals, and microbes interacting with each other and their environment is a form of _________ |
ecosystem |
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the endpoint of a succession where the species composition continues in the same proportions is a form of ____________ |
climax plant community |
