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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA Information is... |
linear and digital |
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Genes are packed into... |
Chromosomes |
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All living organisms us the same... [ ] and are... [ ] |
genetic code for proteins... highly conserved |
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Put a "mouse eye" gene in the leg of a fruit fly and... |
a fruit fly eye will grow from the fruit fly's leg |
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Humans have 20-30,000 (believed to be about 26,000) genes that arose from... |
duplications |
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Genetic code documents the... |
evolution of life |
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What were the 5 organisms sequenced for the Human Genome Project? |
E. coli, S. ceresine (?), a worm, fruit fly, mouse |
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What is a Heterozygote? |
An organism that has 2 different alleles for a specific gene (Yy) |
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What is a Homozygote? |
An organism with the same allele for a specific gene (YY or yy) |
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Product Rule |
When 2 events happen together, multiply together |
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Sum Rule |
When 2 events happen independently, add them |
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Mendel's 1st law |
Law of segregation- 3:1 ratio |
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Mendel's 2nd law |
Law of independent assortment- 9:3:3:1 |
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Thallassemia |
Recessive single-gene trait Reduced amounts of hemoglobin |
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Sickle-cell anemia |
Recessive single-gene trait abnormal hemoglobin; sickle shaped cells. If heterozygote, increased resistance to malaria |
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Cystic Fibrosis |
Recessive single-gene trait Excessive mucus production, digestive and respiratory failure |
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Tay-Sachs Disease |
Recessive single-gene trait Missing enzyme, fatty deposits in the brain |
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Phenylketonuria (PKU) |
Recessive single-gene trait Missing enzyme, mental deficiency |
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Hypercholesterolemia |
Dominant single-gene trait Missing protein that removes cholesterol from the blood; heart attack by 50 |
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Huntington disease |
Dominant single-gene trait Mental and neurological damage; attacks at 40-70 |
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Complete Dominance |
Hybrid resembles one of the two parents, Aa = Dominant trait |
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Incomplete Dominance |
Hybrid resembles neither parent, Aa = a grey, a middle (Snap Dragons) |
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Codominance |
Hybrid shows traits from both parents, Aa = mix of both (Blood Type) |
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Allele Frequency |
The percentage of the total number of gene copies for one allele in a population |
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Most Common allele |
Wild type allele gene with 1 wild type is monomorphic |
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Rare Allele |
Mutant allele gene with more than 1 common allele is polymorphic |
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Pleiotropy |
one gene, several characteristics Maori of New Zealand |
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h |
j |
