Genetics Iii

Front 1

nonrecombinant (parental) gamete

Back 1

contains only the original combo of genes present in the parents

Front 2

nonrecombo (parental) progeny

Back 2

possesses the originl combo of traits possessed by parents

Front 3

recombinant gamete/ progeny

Back 3

gamete: possesses new combo of genes

progeny: new combo of traits form from recombo gametes

Front 4

recombo frequency

Back 4

proportion of recombo progeny produced in a cross

Front 5

cis/trans configuration

Back 5

cis: arrangement in which two or more wildtype genes are on one chromosome and their mutant alleles are on the homologous chromosome; also called coupling config

trans:arrangement in which each chromosome contains one wild type dominant) gene and one mutant (recessive) gene. also called repulsion

Front 6

inter/intra chromosomal recombo

Back 6

inter: recombo among genes on different chromosomes

intra: recombo among genes located on the same chromosome

Front 7

genetic map

Back 7

map of the relative distances between genetic loci, markers or other chromosome regions determined by rates of recombo. measured in percent recombo or map units

Front 8

physical map

Back 8

measured in base pairs (bp)

Front 9

three point testcross

Back 9

cross between an individual heterozygous at three loci and an individual homozygous for recessive alleles at those loci

Front 10

two point testcross

Back 10

cross between an individual heterozygous at two loci and an individual homozygous for recessive alleles at those loci
-a dihybrid test cross-

Front 11

interference

Back 11

degree to which one crossover interferes with additional crossovers

Front 12

coefficient of coincidence

Back 12

rate of observed double crossovers / expected double crossovers

Front 13

deletion mapping

Back 13

technique for determining the chromosomal location of a gene by studying the association of its phenotype or product with particular chromosome deletions

Front 14

chromosome mutation

Back 14

difference from the wild type--affects phenotype
can be structure or number

Front 15

dicentric bridge

Back 15

breaks as chromosomes pull apart during mitosis

Front 16

chromosome rearrangement

Back 16

change from the wild type in the structure of one or more chromosomes

Front 17

chromosome duplication

Back 17

doubles segment of chromosome

Front 18

tandem dulication

Back 18

next to seq duplicated (copy and paste)

Front 19

displaced duplication

Back 19

duplicated segment faaar away (displaced0

Front 20

reverse duplication

Back 20

duplicated sequence is inverted

Front 21

chromosome deletion

Back 21

loss of segment

Front 22

pseudodominance

Back 22

expression of normally reccessive allele owing to a deletion on the homologous chromosome

Front 23

paracentric

Back 23

does not include centromere in the inversion

Front 24

position effect

Back 24

dependence of the expression of the gene on the gene's location in the genome
--expression can change if chromosome rearrangement--

Front 25

translocation
3 types

Back 25

robertsonian, reciprocal, non-reciprocal

Front 26

aneuploidy

Back 26

change from wild type in the number of chromosomes, most often increase/decrease of one or two chromosomes

Front 27

polyploidy

Back 27

possession of more than two haploid sets of chromosomes

Front 28

translocation carrier

Back 28

individual organism heterozygous for a translocation

Front 29

autopolyploidy

Back 29

condition in which all sets of chromosomes of polyploid individual possessing more than two haploid sets are derived from a single species

Front 30

allopolyploidy

Back 30

cond'n in which the sets of chromosomes of a polyploid individual possessing more than two haploid sets are derived from two of more species

Front 31

nullisomy

Back 31

absence of both chromosomes of a homologous pair (2n-2)

Front 32

monosomy

Back 32

absence of one of the chromosomes of a homologous pair

Front 33

tetrasomy

Back 33

presence of two extra copies of a chromosome (2n + 2)