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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Ribonucliec acid (RNA) |
Single stranded nucleic acid that controls the sugar ribose. |
Example- mRNA, rRNA gene |
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Allele |
one of a number of different forms of a gene |
gene that determines hair colour |
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Genotype |
genetic makeup of an organism |
two organism that have a difference in their genes are said to have different genotypes gene |
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Recessive |
relating to/denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents |
recessive trait- having attached earlobes. gene |
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DNA replication |
process of a double stranded DNA molecule being copied to produce 2 identical DNA molecules |
gene |
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Monohybrid |
hybrid that is heterozygous with respect to a specific gene |
gene
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Incomplete dominance |
situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over the other. |
pink roses gene |
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Punnet square |
diagram used to predicte an outcome of a particular cross breeding experiment
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gene |
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mRNA |
RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to rest of cell |
The sequence of mRNA is copied from DNA. protein |
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characteristic |
feature/quality belonging to a person |
dark haired. protein |
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phenotype |
physical characteristics for an organism |
height/weight/skin color protein |
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Heterozygous |
term used to an organism that has 2 different alleles for the same trait |
Aa, Bb protein |
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Transcription |
process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complimentary sequence in RNA |
protein
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Dihybrid |
a hybrid that is heterozygous for alleles of 2 different genes |
dihybrid cross- cross between 2 heterozygous individuals protein |
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Sex-Linked Inheritance |
pattern of inheritance that may result from a mutant gene located on either the X or Y chromosome |
red-green colourblindness protein |
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Multiple alleles |
3 or more alleles of the same gene |
HLA genes protein |
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Chromosome |
thread like structure within the nucleus containing genetic info that is passed from one generation of cells to the next |
X or Y gene- determines if you are a boy or a girl DNA |
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trait |
characteristic that varies from person to person |
adventurous, cheerful DNA |
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Dominant |
One gene is more dominant than the other |
B-more dominant to b DNA |
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Homozygous |
term used to refer to an organism that has 2 identical alleles for a particular trait |
BB or bb |
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Translation |
decoding of an mRNA message into a polypepticte chain |
AUG-met. DNA |
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Codominance |
situation where both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of an organism |
type AB blood- both alleles are equally expressed DNA |
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Mutation |
change in DNA sequence that affects genetic info |
fruit fly wings DNA |
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Pedigree |
chart that shows the relationship within a family |
DNA |
