Genetics: Final Review, Part 4

Front 1

euploidy

Back 1

cells that contain only complete sets of chromosomes

Front 2

Aneuploidy can result from non-disjunction in _________ meiotic division

Back 2

either the first
or second

Front 3

Turner’s syndrome =

Back 3

XO

Front 4

Klinefelter’s syndrome =

Back 4

XXY

Front 5

Barr body

Back 5

transcriptionally
inactivate one X chromosome in XX
individuals

Front 6

How many Barr bodies would you see in:


a XY male?

a XX female?

a XXY male?

a XXX female?

a XO female?

Back 6

a XY male? 0

a XX female? 1

a XXY male? 1

a XXX female? 2

a XO female? 0

Front 7

If X linked recessive:

Back 7

more males will have the trait
the mutation will never pass from father to son
affected males will pass the mutation to their daughters who will be carriers
rare affected females will have sons with the trait and her daughters will
be carriers

Front 8

If X linked dominant:

Back 8

more females than males show the trait
all the daughters, but none of the sons, of an affected male will be affected
one half the sons and one half the daughters of an affected female will be
affected
the trait is seen in every generation

Front 9

If Y linked:

Back 9

the trait is seen only in males
all males descended from an affected male have the trait
women do not exhibit the trait nor do they transmit it

Front 10

Joe visited a fertility clinic and was found to have a 44+XXY chromosome composition and to be sterile. Which of the following would NOT explain how Joe inherited his unusual set of sex chromosomes?

A) non-disjunction in Mom during meiosis I
B) non-disjunction in Mom during meiosis II
C) non-disjunction in Dad during meiosis I
non-disjunction in Dad during meiosis II
all of the above could have given Joe his XXY

Back 10

non-disjunction in Dad during meiosis II

Front 11

null or amorphic is?

Back 11

loss of function

Front 12

dominant or recessive:

null or amorphic

Back 12

recessive

Front 13

dominant or recessive:

hypermorphic

Back 13

recessive

Front 14

dominant or recessive:

haploinsufficient

Back 14

dominant

Front 15

dominant or recessive:

gain of function or neomorphic

Back 15

dominant

Front 16

prototroph

Back 16

makes its own factors and can grow on minimal media

Front 17

null mutation

Back 17

no functional protein

Front 18

True or false?

most mutations eliminate or impair protein function

Back 18

True!

Front 19

hypomorphic mutation

Back 19

reduced protein or reduced function

Front 20

neomorphic mutation

Back 20

protein has novel function
(e.g. Huntington’s disease)
or is expressed & functions at wrong time
or in wrong place
(e.g. Antennapedia in fruit flies)

Front 21

hypermorphic mutation

Back 21

too much or too active
protein messes things up

Front 22

dominant negative mutation

Back 22

one aberrant
subunit cripples a multi-subunit complex

Front 23

Meiotic recombination “_____” genes on the same
chromosome

Back 23

Meiotic recombination “unlinks” genes on the same
chromosome

Front 24

genes that are on the same
chromosome but are far apart
will exhibit __% recombination
frequency

Back 24

genes that are on the same
chromosome but are far apart
will exhibit 50% recombination
frequency

Front 25

Genes that are linked exhibit ___%
recombination frequency

Back 25

Genes that are linked exhibit <50%
recombination frequency

Front 26

1 map unit (m.u.) = _% recombination = _ centimorgan (cM)

Back 26

1 map unit (m.u.) = 1% recombination = 1 centimorgan (cM)

Front 27

The G and H genes are 20 m.u. apart on chromosome 3.
In a population of gametes from a gh/GH individual, what % of chromosome 3’s would you expect to be recombinant?

Back 27

20%

Front 28

The G and H genes are 20 m.u. apart on chromosome 3.
In a population of gametes from a gh/GH individual, What % of chromosome 3’s would you expect to be gH?

Back 28

10%

Front 29

The B and E genes are 10 m.u. apart on chromosome 21.
In a population of gametes from a Be/bE individual, what % of chromosome 21’s would you expect to be parental?

Back 29

90%

Front 30

The S and T genes are far apart (i.e. at opposite ends) on chromosome 8. In a population of meiosis events, what % of meiosis events would you expect to have a c.o. (at least 1) between the S and T genes?

Back 30

100%

Front 31

The G and H genes are 20 m.u. apart on chromosome 3.
In a population of meiosis events from a gh/GH individual, what % of meiosis events would you expect to have a c.o. between the G and H genes?

Back 31

40%