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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypertrophy |
increase in size of cells (or subcellular structure); usually results in increase in organ size
response of permanent cells like skeletal muscle, myocardium/cardiomyocytes |
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atrophy |
reduced size of an organ or tissue resulting from decrease in cell size and number |
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hypertrophy example due to hormones |
myometrium (smooth muscle of the uterus) during pregnancy |
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ID the structure and what is the difference between them |
myometrium, the one on the right is hypertrophied due to pregnancy hormones |
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physiologic myocardial hypertrophy happens when? |
occurs through exercise/conditioning |
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hyperplasia |
increase in number of labile cells like epithelia (skin, mucosa, glands, liver) and bone marrow precursors
stimuli include hormones, virus-derived and other growth factors, inflammatory cytokines (inflammatory directing chemical) |
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pathologic myocardial hypertrophy |
probably due to hypertension |
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myocardial hypertrophy in the second image (notice the boxy nuclei) |
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labile cells |
capable of replication |
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endometrial hyperplasia |
excess estrogen; causes abnormal uterine bleeding |
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prostate hyperplasia |
DHT (testosterone derivative) |
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keloid |
excessive scar in wound healing (excess fibroblasts produce collagen) |
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psoriasis |
inflammatory proliferation of epidermal squamous cells due to cytokines |
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warts |
human papilloma virus causes hyperplasia |
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what cell undergoes hyperplasia until puberty and then undergo hypertrophy |
fat cells |
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atrophy |
reduced size of organ-tissue due to decrease in cell size and number |
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marasmus |
starving slide |
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common cause of pathologic atrophy |
age-related atrophy |
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pathologic atrophy caused by disuse |
localized loss of muscle in cast, generalized loss of muscle with bed rest |
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pathologic atrophy caused by loss of endocrine stimulation |
menopausal atrophy of breast, endometrium, vaginal epithelium |
