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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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How much in percentage % does a cervical collar immobilise |
70% |
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Definition of triage |
Assignment of treatment and evacuation priorities to the wounded and sick at each echelon of medical care |
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Triage priorities (p state, t state and code) |
P1, T1 red, (immediate treatment) P2 T2 yellow (urgent treatment ) P3 T3 green (delayed treatment) P1 Hold T4 expectant treatment or Dead (BLACK) |
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Definition of a triage sort |
Sort uses numerical scale 0-12 based on RR(resp rate) SysBP(systolic blood pressure) and GCS(Glasgow coma scale) |
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Scores for RR SysBP and GCS |
Back (Definition) |
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When can someone be a T2 |
When there are no t1 indications but they are not walking wounded and are stable with a RR of 10-30 and a HR<120 |
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Definition of a mass casualty situation |
When the number of live casualties temporarily overwhelms the available medical & logistical capabilities You aim to do the ‘most for the most’ |
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Role of a Gold strategic commander |
Assumes overall command & has ultimate responsibility & accountability for the response to an incident |
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Silver tactical role |
Silver command coordinates overall tactical response in compliance with the strategy and is tactical commander of the incident ... May not be practical or desirable in a large scale incident for a single silver commander Gold will decide if there is a requirement for more than one silver |
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Bronze operational role |
Task identified by silver commanders are delegated to bronze commanders |
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What to look for when assessing the mother |
If they look pregnant Were contractions regular, powerful Signs of anaemia, including hand signs an eye signs Has their water broke Signs of shock or breathlessness Has the baby been kicking Foetal heart sounds? Bp and urine test conducted |
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Treatment aims for mother |
Pain relief Prevent infection Prevent trauma |
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Treatment aims of baby |
Resuscitation Maintain body heat Prevent trauma |
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Neonatal cardio pulmonary resuscitation algorithm Ratio and what to do just before compressions |
5 rescue breaths Compressions to breaths 3:1 |
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1st stage of labour definition |
Onset of regular rhythmic and painful contractions to the full dialation of the cervix |
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2nd stage labour definition |
From the full dialation of the cervix to the complete delivery of the baby |
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3rd stage of labour definition |
From the birth of the baby to the complete expulsion of the placenta and membranes |
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What is an indication or contra indication |
A reason to do or not do something respectively |
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What is an implication |
An event, usually negative, that can occur and cause difficulties while doing something |
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Indications for an advanced airway |
Protect airway from obstruction Control oxygen and ventilation Inability to clear/maintain airway using simple techniques |
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Endotracheal intubation definition |
Passing of a cuffed ET tube through the vocal chords into the trachea |
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Indications for a ET tube |
Deeply unconscious patients Management of a cardiac arrest Casualty transfer Potential airway obstruction Manage a head or chest injury |
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What is trismus |
Lock jaw |
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Contra indications for an ET tube |
Trismus or conscious |
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Difficulties in ET tubing |
Trauma Shape Pre existing disease |
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Complications of ET tubing |
Hypoxia Failed intubation Spinal chord injury Damage to teeth, mouth or larynx in procedure Laryngeal spasm Oesophageal intubation Intubation of right bronchus |
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Surgical craic definition |
Placement of a small cuffed tracheostomy tube, usually size 6, into the trachea via an incision in the cricothyroid membrane |
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Indications for surgical cricothyroidotomy |
Trauma Burns to face or neck preventing safe et tubation Total upper airway obstruction |
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Common equipment for an advanced airway |
Apron Bvm Ribbon gauze Alcohol wipes |
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Difficulties of a criac |
Casualty movement Poor neck anatomy Short neck Position, Swelling or injury |
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Complications of criac |
Damage carotid artery Creating a false passage into tissues Bleeding and asphyxia Aspiration of blood Laceration of trachea or oesophagus |
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Chemical agent definition |
chemical substances, intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure or incapacitate people because of its pathophysiological effects. Excluded from this are riot control agents, herbicides and smoke or flame |
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Types of agents |
Nerve Blood Choking Blister Incapacitating |
5 |
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Means of delivery of agents |
Bursting munition Spray equipment Aerosol generator Chemical IED |
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Routes of entry of chemical agents into body |
(Injection) Inhalation Absorption Ingestion |
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Properties of Chemical agents |
Physical: liquid solid gas Chemical: sufficiently stable to survive transport to a location Toxicology: affect each individual differently |
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3 types of persistency |
Persistent Non persistent Variable |
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Blood agent definition Lethal agent |
A group of chemical agents which prevent body tissue from using oxygen in the blood and in high concentrations causes respiratory failure |
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Pathogenesis of blood agents |
Loss of consciousness >>> Respiratory arrest >>>> Cardiac arrest |
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Drugs given for a blood agent |
Dicobalt editate 300mg IV w/ glucose 50% sol 50mls R1 Consider sodium thiosulphate 25mls of 50% sol |
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Nerve agent definition |
Group of particular toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophosphates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination; they are cumulative in effect |
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Early signs of nerve agents in people |
Difficulty breathing Runny nose Increased secretions Pinpoint pupils and dim vision Tightness of chest |
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Later signs of nerve agents |
Headache Increased saliva or drooling Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of nerve agents |
Nausea vomiting Involuntary urination/defacate Muscle twitch or jerk Stoppage of breathing |
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Treatment for a nerve agent |
Pre exposure Naps 21 set 1every 3 hours (pyridostigmine bromide) Post exposure Combopen 5-15min intramuscular autoinjector |
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Contents of a combopen |
2mg atropine 500mg pralidixim 10mg avizafone |
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Signs of atropine poisoning |
Dilated pupils Tachycardia Dry mouth or throat Hot dry flushed skin |
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What can be administered for atropine poisoning |
Physostigmine use effectively post 4 hours |
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