Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Cyclostosomes (jawless vertebrates) |
Myxyni (slimy eel, hagfish) Petromyzontida (lamprey, eel, parasite, funnel mouth) |
|
|
Gnathostosomes (jawed vertebrates) |
Chondrichtheyes (cartilaginous fishes) fins, oil-filled liver |
|
|
Osteichythans( bony fishes) |
rays, ossified endoskeleton, operculum (flap to move H2O) inlcludes Actinistia -> set stage for walking!! |
|
|
Amphibia |
Can breathe through skin, lays eggs outside body, in H2O |
|
|
Amniotic egg |
amniote- protects egg yolk sac- nutrients chorion- gas exchange allantois- waste disposal |
|
|
Reptilia |
waterproof skin, lungs for breathing, ectothermic, turtles, lepidosaurs (LIZARDS), archosaurs |
|
|
Mammalia |
mammary glands, hair, efficient respiration/circulation, live birth/internal fertilization, larger brains
|
|
|
Mammalia- marsupians (pouches), eutherians(complex placenta -> long pregnancy) |
*** |
|
|
Tinbergen |
FAP, LEARNING, 4 levels of analysis |
|
|
4 levels of analysis |
mechanisms, phylogeny, ontogeny, fitness effects/survival value |
|
|
LEARNING |
Habituation (gradual, FAP) Spatial Learning (digger wasps) Associative Learning (Pavlov's Dog, Skinner's Box Imprinting (Lorenz, sexual-> zebra finches) Social Learning (mate copying-> fish, tool use- > primates cracked nuts) |
|
|
Von Frisch |
honeybees -> waggle dance (Also round and sickle dance) |
|
|
Chordata |
Notochord- from mesoderm, eventual skeleton Dorsal, hollow nerve cord- from ectoderm, CNS Pharyngeal gill slits- from ectoderm, suspension feeding Muscular post-anal tail |
|
|
Vertebrata |
neural crest- teeth, bones, cephalization vertebral column- notochord -> endoskeleton closed circulatory system 2 sets of hox genes |
|
|
Why are females choosier? |
Anisogamy Parental investment Operational sex ratio Reproductive rate (eggs are rarer) |
|
|
What shapes mating systems? |
Differential investment Altricial vs. Precocial Young Certainty of paternity potential for polygamy |
|
|
Adaptations of thermoregulation |
Insulation Fat storage (blubber) Regulation of skin blood flow (vasodilation vs. vasoconstriction) Countercurrent Circulation |
|
|
Factors affecting Polygamy
*Polygynandry is most popular* |
spacial distribution- clumped temporal distribution- asynchronous OSR- sexually active males, females |
|
|
Bergmann's Rule |
In endothermic species, the farther away from equation the larger the species is (allometry) |
|
|
Thermal Energy Transfer |
Radiation Convection Conduction Evaporation |
|
|
Endothermic Poikilotherms |
Conformers, temperature varies with env. bats, hummingbirds |
|
|
Exothermic Homeotherms |
regulators, constant env. or behavioral modifications, fish, basking lizards |
|
|
Which organism is important for AIDS and cancer research, it being eutely and undergoing occasional apoptosis? |
Chaenorhabiditis elegans |
|
|
Advantages of segmentation? (annelids) |
Specialization, hydrostatic skeleton, repeatability |
|
|
Which species is the link between annelids and arthropods? |
Oncychophora |
|
|
Protosomes |
Lophotrochozoa, Ecydozoa |
|
|
Trophocote larvae |
Lophotrochozoa |
