Gcse Ict Revision

Front 1

Examples of Input devices

Back 1

Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, Digital Camera, Scanner, Magnetic Stripe reader, Microphone

Front 2

Aim of Input Devices

Back 2

Put information on computer. Can be adapted so people with disabilities can use them.

Front 3

Examples of Output Devices

Back 3

Monitor (visual display unit), Printers(laser, inkjet, dot-matrix), Speakers, Control Devices(lights and buzzers)

Front 4

Aim of Output Devices

Back 4

Information off the computer. Can have a hard copy of the data.

Front 5

Hard Disks:

Back 5

Backing store. Large capacity. Items can be stored there when you switch off the computer.
Can crash - no computer. Fixed.

Front 6

Floppy Disk

Back 6

2MB storage. Used to store + transfer data. Used to make backups. Used as additional storage. Old. Small capacity

Front 7

CD-ROM / DVD

Back 7

Used for encyclopedia/resources
Can be transported. Good sound and picture quality. Can't be rewritten.

Front 8

Magnetic Tape

Back 8

huge storage capacity- used to back up large volumes of data. Takes time to access specific point as you have to trawl through it

Front 9

Flash Memory (usb) stick

Back 9

Large Storage capacity. Can easily transfer data (files, pics and music) computer to computer.

Front 10

RAM and ROM

Back 10

Random access memorry - volatile; once gone its gone.
Read Only Memory - cannot be changes, used in bios

Front 11

Why Do We Make Backups?

Back 11

Hard Disk Failure, Virus Infection, Lost usb/floppy disk, computer network failure, human error, fire, hackers.

Front 12

Communication Devices:

Back 12

fax/phone/email/letter - share information/files/pics anywhere in the world.

Front 13

Types of data:

Back 13

Text: abc?![£ Numeric: 123 Date/Time: 20/01/2012 Boolean: TRUE or FALSE

Front 14

Data Keywords:

Back 14

field: e.g. date of birth or surname
record: group of fields
Key field: unique key/number for individual people.

Front 15

Software:

Back 15

Something that doesn't physically exist - viewed on computer- makes it work e.g.microsoft word / Adobe Photoshop

Front 16

Hardware:

Back 16

Something you can touch e.g. keyboard / cpu / monitor

Front 17

Piracy

Back 17

Illegal: sharing, lending, using something without permission.
e.g.music, pictures, software
can get away with it (pics) if its for an educational non profit use.

Front 18

Internet

Back 18

Internet: international collection of computers connected by communication lines using internet service providers (isp's)

Front 19

World Wide Web

Back 19

A collection of pages capable of being accessed over the internet with links to other pages

Front 20

URL:
HTML:

Back 20

Uniform Resource Locator
(http://www.bbc.co.uk)
Hyper marked Text Language

Front 21

Virus'

Back 21

Attatches itself to another program/file, can cause damage to programs + files, spread: email, websites, downloads

Front 22

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (micr)

Back 22

cheques - checks sort code and process cheques. very expensive equipment

Front 23

Optical Mark Reader (OMR)

Back 23

lottery tickets: make a choice and computer easily and quickly recognises this. Very accurate + quick, badly damaged files can't be used

Front 24

Optical Character Reader (OCR)

Back 24

Like a scanner but instead of an image you get characters which can be transferred to word doc. Get computerised copy. Can't always recognise characters.

Front 25

Bar Code Reader

Back 25

Fast way to input data. Used in shops. Very expensive to use.

Front 26

CD-R and CD-RW
(CD read and CD read and written)

Back 26

CD-R can be written on once
CD-RW can be written on and deleted off as many times as you like.

Front 27

What does EPOS stand for?

Back 27

Electronic Point of Sale - a checkout connected to a computer with a barcode reader

Front 28

Data

Back 28

The raw values entered into, stored and processed by information systems. Data is usually a small piece of information.

Front 29

Computer Aided Learning (Cal)

Back 29

e.g. powerpoints, videos Can use wide range of media. Student can electronically access and hand in work. Interesting. Expensive. Less personal

Front 30

Processing

Back 30

This is the term used to describe the way information systems convert raw data into useful information. Includes calculating; sorting; searching; storing; drawing.

Front 31

Feedback

Back 31

This term is used when output from a system is used to influence the input.

Front 32

Bit

Back 32

A bit is a binary digit - a 1 or 0 (one or zero) used to represent data. The term is also used for the smallest unit of storage, which just stores a 1 or 0.

Front 33

Byte

Back 33

A byte is a small group of bits - normally eight bits - that is treated as a unit. It is usually the number of bits needed to store one character.

Front 34

What does ISP stand for?

Back 34

Internet Service Provider

Front 35

Give three advantages of Simulation Models

Back 35

There is no danger to humans
It can be done in a controlled environment.
Time can be sped up slowed down.

Front 36

Give three disadvantages of simulation models.

Back 36

models and simulators can’t completely re create real life situations. Staff need to be trained and Expensive hardware

Front 37

Examples of Simulators

Back 37

Flight simulators
Science experiments
Traffic flow simulators

Front 38

What is a database?

Back 38

A database is a collection of a data or information which is held together in an organised or logical way.

Front 39

List three data types

Back 39

Number
Currency
Autonumber

Front 40

Name examples of application software

Back 40

Microsoft Office Applications, Internet Explorer, Safari, Chromium, printer software etc.

Front 41

What is a computer?

Back 41

It is an electronic device used to store and process data.

Front 42

What are advantages of PDAs?

Back 42

They can browse the internet

Front 43

What are the disadvantages of PDAs

Back 43

They need to be recharged and they cannot do many things.
Battery and limited

Front 44

3G

Back 44

Third generation wireless technology used to allow mobile phones to access the Internet or other Internet Protocol networks. Also, data can be uploaded and downloaded using this technology.

Front 45

Actuator

Back 45

A device used to connect a motor to a computer which allows the computer to send signals to create movements by the motor such a motor in a washing machine

Front 46

Altered Reality Gaming

Back 46

An interactive game that uses image overalys to enhance the way the user views the real world which is used as the game platform

Front 47

Analogue

Back 47

This term refers to the the continually varying nature of some values that are input into computer systems; e.g. Sound, temperature, moisture. Data in this format must be converted to digital format before it can be stored on a computer system.

Front 48

Animation

Back 48

Presenting similar graphic images at high speed, one after another to create the illusion of movement

Front 49

Bandwidth

Back 49

A measurement, usually in kilo-bits, megabits or gigabits per second, which states the rate at which data travels along a communication line. The higher the bandwidth the quicker the data will travel along the line.

Front 50

Batch

Back 50

This involves collecting data over a period of time and then processing

Front 51

Blu-ray

Back 51

A high capacity optical storage medium that uses a blue laser for data recording and playback.

Front 52

Bluetooth

Back 52

A short range wireless technology which allows devices to connect together. For example, a mobile phone and headset connect together using Bluetooth.

Front 53

Breadcrumb Trail

Back 53

Provides users with a list of all pages visited on a website and in the order they were visited.

Front 54

Broadband

Back 54

A telecommunciations link that provides a wide bandwidth communication for high speed internet access

Front 55

Browser

Back 55

Software used to view webpages.

Front 56

Casual Gaming

Back 56

Games with simple rules and methods of interaction that require little practice for success. Casual games are often available as free downloads.

Front 57

Character

Back 57

A character is a letter, a digit, a punctuation mark, a symbol or a control code that can be stored by a computer. Each character is stored in digital format referred to as a byte.

Front 58

Cheats

Back 58

Shortcuts that allow users to skip elements of games they are having difficulty with

Front 59

Check digit

Back 59

A digit added to the beginning or end of a number to verify that the number entered is an authentic code. For example ISBNs on books have a Check Digit added to the end. The reading computer calculates the Check Digit, if it matches the Check Digit at the end of the ISBN then it is a valid ISBN (International book number)

Front 60

Code View

Back 60

Allows a website designers to view the HTML code comprising the website they are creating. Some website designer prefer to produce websites by writing all of the HTML code themselves.

Front 61

Compressed

Back 61

A file is said to be compressed when its overall size is reduced through the application of an algorithm to remove unnecessary data

Front 62

Concept Keyboard

Back 62

A keyboard that can use a variety of programmed overlays. The overlays allow the keys to be defi ned as words and/or pictures.

Front 63

Controls

Back 63

The methods used by the user to interact with the game; methods vary from cursor keys on keyboards to specialised input devices such as steering wheels, guitars etc

Front 64

Crop

Back 64

A tool in a graohics package that will allow you to select part of an image and discard everyhitng else outside the selected area

Front 65

Data collection

Back 65

Using forms and devices to collect data from a variety of sources.

Front 66

Data compression

Back 66

Reducing the size of a file by using special software such as Win Zip. Compressed data has to be decompressed before it can be used.

Front 67

Data Logging

Back 67

Capturing data at regular intervals by a device such as a sensor. It is then stored by a computer for analyzing at a later point.

Front 68

Data Validation

Back 68

Checking data to ensure that it is acceptable and sensible. Validation of data ensures that the data is present, of the correct type, in the correct range and of the correct length.

Front 69

Data Verification

Back 69

Data verification is carried out to ensure that data keyed into a computer has been accurately transferred from a paper-based form. The most common way of performing verification is to key the data twice. Another method of verification is proofreading. Documents once typed can be proofread to ensure that they contain correct and accurate information.

Front 70

Design View

Back 70

Allows a website designer to view the multimedia elements comprising the website they are creating.

Front 71

Digital

Back 71

Data in a format known as binary which consists of two digits: 0 and 1. These digits are known as BITs (Binary digits).

Front 72

E-Commerce

Back 72

This is a means of conducting business transactions over electronic networks such as on-line banking.

Front 73

Draw Tools

Back 73

A set of tools available with graphics packages to allow for the creation and editing of graphic images.

Front 74

Electronic Mail (e-mail)

Back 74

A toll for sending and receving messages electronically across a network of computers. This allows users to send messages and file attachments to other users on a network by using a system of electronic mailboxes. Mail that is sent is normally received immediately. To send and receive emails each user needs an email address.

Front 75

Encryption

Back 75

A way of encoding data before transmitting it on a network. Data is encoded by the sending computer using a software encoding key and sent along the communications line. The data can only be decoded by the receiving computer if it has the decoding key. This keeps data secure whilst it is being transmitted between computers. It is used on the Internet for credit card transactions to ensure that the user's credit card number is not detected.

Front 76

External Memory

Back 76

This refers to memory devices that are connected to the computer system including hard drives, DVD drives, USB memory pens and Blu-Ray discs. They will allow programs and data to be stored permanently

Front 77

Facsimile (FAX)

Back 77

A device which is used to transfer paper based information along telecommunications lines. Fax capability is commonly integrated into computer systems provided a scanner is used. Can be handwritten.

Front 78

File Server

Back 78

The main computer on a network which holds applications, user data and manages the security of the network.

Front 79

File updating

Back 79

This involves altering existing data already written to a file. After updating data the file should contain the most recent version of data.

Front 80

Flash

Back 80

An multimedia application used to develop video and animation for publication on web pages. Can also be used to develop interactive multimedia applications.

Front 81

Format Check

Back 81

A validation check which ensures that the data entered contains individual characters that are valid. For example a check for a date could be in the form dd/yy/mm.

Front 82

Game Play

Back 82

The rules that define how a user should interact with a computer game and the controls used to allow interaction with a computer game

Front 83

Hacker

Back 83

A person who gains unauthorised access to a computer system

Front 84

Haptic peripherals

Back 84

Peripheral devices that use small motors to provide additional sensory feedback to users. E.g. In gaming steering wheels that shudder when you go over rough terrain in the computer game scenario

Front 85

Hotspot

Back 85

An area of a large image on a web page that has a hyperlink added to it

Front 86

Hyperlinks

Back 86

A graphic / button / text on a website that when clicked on takes the user to another page / website /document

Front 87

Information

Back 87

Data which has been processed and is presented in a way which is meaningful to users.

Front 88

Interaction

Back 88

Used to send data between computers and other devices such as Personal Digital Assistants over short distances. Also used with remote control devices were signals are generated using Light Emitting Diodes.

Front 89

Interface

Back 89

The software used to facilitate interaction between users and computers

Front 90

Internal Memory

Back 90

The is memory inside the CPU. RAM and ROM are examples of internal memory

Front 91

Internet

Back 91

A network of computers linked together usinga variety of communications technologies such as cables and wireless transmission. The computers and cables constitute the Internet.

Front 92

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Back 92

A company which provides the user with a connection to the Internet. ISPs usually give email and web space to their users. An ISP is necessary to enable connection to the Internet.

Front 93

Intranet

Back 93

A website which is only available to employees or members of an organisation, school or college. The website is usually stored on a fi le server which belongs to the organisation. Members can access the website from within the local area network and in some cases can log on to the website from home. Access to the website is restricted to those people who belong to the organisation.

Front 94

Length check

Back 94

A validation check which ensures that the data entered has the correct number of characters or does not exceed a certain number of characters.

Front 95

Lookup table

Back 95

A list of data which can be used (or 'looked up') to provide values for other data fields

Front 96

Magnetic Stripe

Back 96

This is an integral part of a plastic card such as a credit card. On this tape data can be written and read by a magnetic stripe reader.

Front 97

Master File

Back 97

The main file to store data in a computer system. A transaction file is used to update a master file.

Front 98

Memory Card

Back 98

A memory card, sometimes called a fl ash memory card is a small storage medium used to store data for use on portable devices such as digital cameras.

Front 99

Memory card reader

Back 99

A device used to read data from portable memory cards for example from a digital camera.

Front 100

Microphone

Back 100

An input device used to convert analogue sound waves into digital format

Front 101

Modelling

Back 101

Creating a set of rules that can stimulate a real life situation done by a computer. An important design feature of modelling is the ability to carry out What..If situations and make predictions from this.

Front 102

Multimedia

Back 102

The combination of text, graphics, voice, video and sound to produce a presentation or a website.

Front 103

Network Interface Card(NIC)

Back 103

A device fi tted to a computer which enables it to connect to a network

Front 104

Operating System

Back 104

A software package that manages the computer system functions including allocating software and hardware to jobs, managing memory allocation for tasks requiring processing and managing overall system security.

Front 105

Optical Storage media

Back 105

Any storage medium that allows for the storage and reading of data using laser technology

Front 106

Optimise

Back 106

The reduction of the fi le size of an image / document for Internet transmission through the removal of unnecessary data

Front 107

Peripheral Device

Back 107

A hardware component connected to a computer. These can be categorized as input devices, output devices and storage devices.

Front 108

Pixel

Back 108

The smallest area on a VDU that can be edited such as changing the colour. A picture is made up of pixels. The greater the amount of pixels, the higher the resolution, hence a better quality image.

Front 109

Portability

Back 109

The way in which users can transfer or reuse data across a range of applications.

Front 110

Presence check

Back 110

A validation check which ensures that data has been entered into a data field.

Front 111

Preview Mode

Back 111

Allows a website designer to test their website to see how it will be displayed using a browser

Front 112

Program

Back 112

A set of instructions written in a computer based language to instruct the computer to carry out a given task.

Front 113

Protocol

Back 113

A set of rules which govern the way in which data is transmitted between computers networks.

Front 114

Resolution

Back 114

This measures the quality of an image in pixels. It is the total number of pixels displayed horizontally and vertically by a VDU. The resolution of VDU can vary.

Front 115

Router

Back 115

A device which connects two or more networks together. It can work out the best route for data to travel between computers. A router is used to link a local area network to the Internet. The router will receive data from the Internet, and send it on the best route along the network to the requesting computer.

Front 116

Rules

Back 116

The actions the game player must follow when interacting with a computer game. Rules defi ne how the user can score points/lives etc

Front 117

Scanner

Back 117

A device used to take copies of hard copy documents for storage in digital format on a computer.

Front 118

Scoring

Back 118

A mechanism that allows the user to determine how successfull they are in thier attempts to play a computer game. Game scores are determined by the users interactions with the game and the rules of the game

Front 119

Search Engine

Back 119

A program which allows a user to search through the network of computers on the Internet to find information. Different search engines will return different results for the same search criteria because they search different computers for the information. Examples of search engines are Google and Yahoo.

Front 120

Sensor

Back 120

An electronic component that converts energy from one source to another that can be understood by a computer system.

Front 121

Sensory feedback

Back 121

The provision of feedback in the form of an output that will be detected by one or more of the human senses

Front 122

Simulation

Back 122

A computer program used to model “real life” situations and associated behaviour such as an aircraft cockpit were the model would be designed based on a variety of possible situations that pilots may experience in real world situation

Front 123

Sitemap

Back 123

Using one page on a web site to list all other internal and eternal hyperlinks displayed on the website

Front 124

Smart Card

Back 124

This is a plastic card such as a credit card which contains a microchip. Data can be written to and read from the microchip by a “chip and PIN” reader.

Front 125

Storyboard

Back 125

The production of diagrammatic representation of scenes / pages in an application in the design stages of development.

Front 126

Target audience

Back 126

A description of the audience the game is aimed at. Used to help determine appropriate level of language, graphics etc at the game design stage

Front 127

Telepresence

Back 127

This is used in medicine to describe a situation of creating a “virtual patient” which can then be used by surgeons to practice for a forthcoming operation.

Front 128

Thumbnail

Back 128

A reduced version of a larger image displayed on a web page which provides the user with a preview of the image. When the user clicks on the reduced image a full size version of the image will be displayed

Front 129

Transaction File

Back 129

This involves storing data that will be used to update the master file at a later stage.

Front 130

Type check

Back 130

A validation check which ensures that data entered is of the correct data type e.g numeric, character

Front 131

User Interface

Back 131

A system that allows users to interact with a computer system. It provides a means of allowing users to input data and instructions and the computer to communicate or output results. GUI is a commonly used interface.

Front 132

Vector graphics

Back 132

A method of storing graphic images through the storage of data relating to every component that makes up the graphic.