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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is congenital aganglionosis
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hirschsprungs disease- absence or PS neuronal cell bodies of enteric ganglia
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What is genetic disorder is common in Hirschsprungs
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trisomy 21
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the myenteric plexus is also named?
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auerbachs
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The genetic problem resulting in hirschprungs is commonly due to what?
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RET gene loss of function...TK receptor, plays a role in neural crest development
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What is the most common congentil cause of intestinal obstruction?
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Hirschsprungs
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How is DX made for hirschsprungs?
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suction rectal biopsy- you see absence of submucosal enteric ganglion cells and hypertrophy of non-enteric PS nerves that innervate the enteric ganglion
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What is the most common functional GI tract disorder?
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Irritable bowel syndrome
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What are the DX criteria for IBS?
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absence of structural abnormalities, ROME III criteria, and must rule out alarming sx, like anema, FOB, weight loss
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What is diverticulosis?
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acquired herniations of mucosa/submucosa into muscularis propia (externa)
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The muscular wall around pseudodiverticula in diverticulosis looks like what?
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hypertrophied
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What is the pathogenesis of diverticulosis?
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prolonged increased intraluminal pressure
lack of adequate fiber |
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Diverticular disease most often effects what part of the colon?
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Sigmoid colon
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What is diverticulitis?
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Inflammation destroys and weakens the wall forming an abcess and then perforation. Fistulas form between adjacent structues.
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Can diverticulitis have a positive fetal occult blood test?
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Yes
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Clostridium difficile in pseudomembranous colitis is found in what two instances?
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neonatal enterocolitis NEC
or older adults following antibiotic therapy |
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What is pathognomonic for Crohns diseases?
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noncaseating granulomas with multinucleated giant cells
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If you see crypt abcesses, what are they more common in UC or CD?
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ulcerative colitis
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In radiography, what does the string sign point to?
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Crohns disease
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Buzz-word: cobblestonign
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Crohns
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Buzz-word: creeping fat
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Crohns
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CD effects what portion of the gut wall?
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Transmural or full thickness
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Where do you see Paneth cell metaplasia in the left colon?
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Crohns
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Where do you see apthous ulcers?
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Crohns
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In UC vs CD, what has continuous lesions?
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Ulcerative colitis
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In radiography, a "lead pipe" appearance, points to?
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Ulcerative Colitis
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If you fail to see any colonic haustra, you should be thinking?
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Ulcerative colitis
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inflammatory pseuopolyps can be found in?
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UC
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The clinical presentation of CD vs UC
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CD: RLQ colicky pain, aphthous ulcers
UC: left sides bloody diarrhea with mucus |
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p-ANCA positive, and ASCA negative, makes you think?
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Ulcerative Colitis
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Hamartomatous polyps are abnormal proliferations of?
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normal tissue constituents
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Cowden's syndrome is autosomal?
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dominant
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Peutz-Jeghers polyposis is autosomal?
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dominant
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Mucosal pigmentation, like blue lips, is seen in?
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Peutz-Jeghers polyposis
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What is a greater risk for adenocarcinoma, tubular or villous adenomas?
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Villous
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Familial adenomatous polyposis usually involves what gene?
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APC, inactivation of it, it's a tumor suppressor gene
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Gardner's syndrome is of what inheritance?
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autosomal domintnat
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Turcot's syndrome is of what inheritance?
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autosomal recessive
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FAP is of what inheritance?
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Autosomal dominant
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If you see polyposis with desmoid tumors and osteomas, you should be thinking?
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Gardner's syndrome
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What is the adenocarcinoma or vogelgram sequence?
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APC----RAS-----p53
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The second most common cause of colorectal cancer is ____and what are the two common ones of that?
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DNA mismatch repair gene
two most common are MLH1, MSH2 |
