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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Candida albicans characteristics
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-yeast endogeous (mucous membranes)
-yeast forms germ tubes at 37 degrees -forms pseudohypae and true hyphae when it invades tissues |
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Candida albicans disease
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oral thrush, perleche
vaginitis cutaneous infections esophagitis, Gastritis septicemia chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis endocarditis (IV drug abusers) |
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Candida albicans diagnosis
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-KOH: pseudohyphae, true hyphae, budding yeasts
-speticemia: culture lab identification-biochem tests/germ tube formation at 37 degrees |
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Candida albicans treatment
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imidazole(nystatin)
disseminated: amphotericin B, fluconazole |
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Pneumocystis jiroveci characteristics
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-obligate extracellular
-opportunistic yeast **most common opportunistic infection in AIDs patients |
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Pneumocystis jiroveci diseases
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atypical intersitial pneumonia
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Pneumocystis jiroveci diagnosis
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-H&E: honey comb appearance-
-silver stain cysts -X-ray: "ground glass" appearance (patchy infiltrative) |
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Pneumocystis jiroveci treatment
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trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
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aspergillus fumigatus features
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-septate hyphae, 45 degrees
-mould (forms spores) |
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aspergillus fumigatus disease
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-allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ashmatics, CF)
-fungus ball (previous infection e.g. Tb) -invasive aspergillosis (IC, burns,CF); pneumonia, meningitis; cellulitis in burn patients |
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aspergillus fumigatus treatment
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itraconazole or ampho B (fluconazole has no activity against it?)
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crytococcus neoformans features
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-yeast
-capsule |
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crytococcus neoformans reservoir
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soil enriched with pidgeon droppings
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crytococcus neoformans disease
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-meningitis(most common cause in AIDs)
-acute pulmonary (usually asymptomatic) |
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crytococcus neoformans diagnosis
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-latex particle agglutination orIndia Ink mount (capsule)
-cultures: urease +ve |
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crytococcus neoformans treatment
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Ampho B+ flucytosine...then fluconazole
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Mucor features
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non-septate, right angles- hyphae
(yeast) |
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mucor reservoir & transmission
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soil, sporangiospores are inhaled
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mucor disease
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-rhinocerebral infection (mucormycosis); paranasal swelling, hemorrhaging exudates from nose/eyes, mental lethargy
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mucor susceptible in?
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DKA patient or leukemic patient (neutropenic?)
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mucor diagnosis
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-KOH of tissue (ribbon like nonseptate hyphae with about ninety degree angles on branches)
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mucor treatment
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-debride necrotic tissue
-ampho B (DOC, no other?) |
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list the opportunistic fungi
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-moulds: aspergillus fumigatus, mucor
-yeasts: Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, pneumocystis jiroveci |
