Fungal Infections

Front 1

What is the MOA of allylamines? What are the allylamines?

Back 1

1. Inhibit squalene eposidase

2. Terbinafine

3. Naftifine

Front 2

What is the MOA of the azoles?

Back 2

1. Inhibit 14a demethylase

Front 3

What is the warning associated with oral ketoconazole?

Back 3

1. Inhibits CYP3A4

Front 4

What is the clinical use of allylamines?

Back 4

1. Tx dermatophyte infections

Front 5

What is the warning associated with terbinafine?

Back 5

1. Can cause SCLE

Front 6

What are the triazoles?

Back 6

1. Fluconazole

2. Itraconazole

Front 7

What is the toxicity of the triazoles?

Back 7

1. Cardiotoxic

2. Hepatotoxic

Front 8

What is the MOA of griseofulvin?

Back 8

1. Inhibits microtubule formation

Front 9

What is the effect of griseofulvin on CYP450?

Back 9

1. Inducer

Front 10

What is the main side effect of griseofulvin?

Back 10

1. Acute intermittent porphyria

Front 11

To what class does nystatin belong? What is its MOA?

Back 11

1. Polyene

2. Binds ergosterol

Front 12

What is the clinical use of nystatin?

Back 12

1. Cutaneous and mucocutaneous candida

Front 13

What are the MCC of tinea captious?

Back 13

1. Trichophyton tonsurans

Front 14

What are the MC fluorescent ectothrix fungi?

Back 14

1. M. canis

2. M. audouinii

3. M. distortum

4. M. ferrugineum

5. M. gypseum

6. T. schoenleinii

Cats and Dogs Fight and Growl Sometimes

Front 15

What are the MC non-fluorescent ectothrix fungi?

Back 15

1. T. megninii

2. M. gypseum

3. M. nanum

4. T. mentagrophytes

5. T. rubrum

6. T. verrucosum

Front 16

How do you visualize ectothrix fungi?

Back 16

1. KOH--- visualized on outside of hair shaft

Front 17

What are the MC endothrix fungi?

Back 17

1. T. tonsurans**

2. T. violaceum

Front 18

Back 18

Tinea capitis

Front 19

What is kerion? MCC?

Back 19

1. Inflammatory reaction of tine capitis

2. MCC: microsporum canis or T. mentagrophytes

Front 20

What is favus? MCC?

Back 20

1. Chronic infection of the scalp

2. MCC: T. schoenleinii

Front 21

What are the ssx of favus?

Back 21

1. Scutula--- yellow crust around loose, wiry hairs

Front 22

How do you tx tinea capitis?

Back 22

1. Griseofulvin

2. Terbinafine

3. Selenium sulfide/ketoconazole shampoo

4. Triazole

Front 23

What is an id reaction?

Back 23

1. Eruption on hands and sides of fingers (MC) or trunk in relation to systemic fungal antigens

Front 24

What are the MCC of the two types of tinea barbae?

Back 24

1. Inflammatory (deep): T. mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum

2. Superficial: T. violaceum, T. rubrum

Front 25

How do you tx tinea barbae?

Back 25

1. Oral antifungals

2. Topical agents

Front 26

What are the MCC of tinea faciei?

Back 26

1. T. rubrum

2. T. mentagrophytes

3. T. concentricum

4. M. canis

Front 27

How do you tx tinea faciei?

Back 27

1. Oral antifungals w/ folliculitis

2. No folliculitis: topical

Front 28

What are the MCC of tinea corporis?

Back 28

1. T. rubrum

2. M. canis

3. T. mentagrophytes

Sharp margins and central clearing

Front 29

What are the MCC of tinea corporis gladiatorum?

Back 29

1. T. tonsurans

2. T. rubrum

Front 30

How do you tx tinea corporis?

Back 30

1. Topical antifungals

2. Systemic antifungals

Front 31

What is the MCC of fungal folliculitis? Tx?

Back 31

1. T. rubrum

2. Tx w/ oral antifungals

Front 32

What is tinea incognito?

Back 32

1. Atypical tinea produced by treatment with topical steroid or calcineurin inhibitor

Front 33

What is tinea imbricata? MCC?

Back 33

1. Concentric rings of scales forming extensive patches

2. "Shingles on a roof"

3. MCC: T. concentricum

Front 34

How do you tx tinea imbricate?

Back 34

1. Griseofulvin

2. Terbinafine

Front 35

What are the ssx of tinea cruris? MCC?

Back 35

1. Jock itch

2. MCC: E. floccosum, T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes

Front 36

How do you tx tinea cruris?

Back 36

1. Reduce perspiration/moisture

2. Topical/oral tx

Front 37

What is the MCC of moccasin tinea pedis? Ssx?

Back 37

1. T. rubrum

2. Two foot, one hand

Front 38

What is the MCC of interdigital tinea pedis? Ssx?

Back 38

1. E. floccosum, T. mentagrophytes

2. Erythema and desquamation between the toes

Front 39

What is the MCC of vesicular tinea pedis? Ssx?

Back 39

1. T. mentagrophytes

2. Acutely inflammatory multilocular bullae

Front 40

How do you tx tinea pedis?

Back 40

1. Dry feet

2. Change socks

3. Gentamicin ointment

4. Oral antifungals if serious

Front 41

What are the MCC of tinea manuum? Ssx?

Back 41

1. MCC: T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, E. floccosum

2. Dry, scaly, erythematous rash on palmar or interdigital hand

Front 42

What is the MCC of onychomycosis? Ssx?

Back 42

1. T. rubrum

2. Starts at distal nail corner and involves junction of nail and bed

Front 43

What is the MCC of distal onychomycosis?

Back 43

1. T rubrum

Front 44

What is the MCC of white superficial onychomycosis?

Back 44

1. T. mentagrophytes

Front 45

What is the MCC of proximal white subungual onychomycosis?

Back 45

1. T. rubrum

Front 46

What is the MCC of candida onychomycosis?

Back 46

1. C. albicans

Front 47

How do you tx onychomycosis?

Back 47

1. Oral/topical

2. Laser

3. Surgery

Front 48

Back 48

C. albicans KOH

Front 49

What are the ssx of thrush?

Back 49

1. Grayish-whtie membranous plaques with fiery red base

Front 50

How do you tx oral candidiasis?

Back 50

1. Infants: oral nystatin

2. Adults: clotrimazole

3. Fluconazole/itraconazole

4. Terbinafine

Front 51

What are the MCC of perleche? Tx?

Back 51

1. C. albicans, riboflavin deficiency

2. Tx: Anticandidal creams, collagen

Front 52

How do you tx candidate vulvovaginitis?

Back 52

1. Oral fluconazole

Front 53

How do you tx candidate intertrigo?

Back 53

1. Topical antifungals with mid-strength corticosteroid

Front 54

How do you tx diaper candidiasis?

Back 54

1. Clotrimazole

2. Zinc oxide

Front 55

How do you tx candidate paronychia?

Back 55

1. Avoid moisture and irritants

2. Topical anticandidals and steroids

Front 56

What are the ssx of erosio interditigalis blastomycetica?

Back 56

1. Erythematous fissure between middle and ring fingers on hand

2. Fourth interspace on feet

3. Tx: dry, topical anticandidals

Front 57

What are the ssx of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis? MCC? Tx?

Back 57

1. Ssx: Hyperkeratotic, hornlike, or granulomatous lesions

2. MCC: defect in IL-12

3. Tx: systemic fluconazole

Front 58

What are the ssx of geotrichosis? Tx?

Back 58

1. Intestinal, bronchial, and pulmonary infections similar to candidiasis

2. Tx: oral nystatin

Front 59

What is the MCC of tinea nigra? Tx?

Back 59

1. Hortaea werneckii

2. Tx: topical imidazoles and allylamines

Front 60

How do you dx tinea nigra?

Back 60

1. Glossy blakc yeast on culture

2. Brown or golden hyphae on KOH

Front 61

What is the MCC of black piedra? Ssx?

Back 61

1. MCC: Piedraia hortai

2. Dark, pebble-sized pinhead formations

Front 62

What is the MCC of white piedra? Ssx?

Back 62

1. MCC: T. cutaneum

2. Yellow or beige-colored soft, slimy sheaths coating hair shafts

Front 63

How do you tx piedra?

Back 63

1. Oral and topical terbinafine

Front 64

How do you tx tinea versicolor? Dx?

Back 64

1. Tx: Topical terbinafine

2. Dx: spaghetti and meatballs

Front 65

What are the ssx and tx of piyrosporum folliculitis?

Back 65

1. Ssx: Itchy, dome shaped follicular papules

2. Tx: oral fluconazole