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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 functions of nervous system |
sensory receptors, process and interpret, motor output |
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central nervous system |
the brain and spinal cord |
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peripheral nervous system |
outside of the CNS nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord communication lines |
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ganglia |
areas of cell bodies where neurons are clustered in the PNS |
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sensory signals |
afferent carry information towards the CNS |
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motor signals |
efferent carry information from the CNS by nerve fibers of the PNS to innervate motor organs |
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somatic body region |
consists of the structures external to the ventral body cavity skin, skeletal muscles, bones... |
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visceral body region |
contains the viscera within the body cavity digestive tube, lungs, heart, bladder... |
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somatic sensory divison |
sensory innervation of outer tube senses of skin, body wall, touch, pain, and pressure |
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visceral sensory divison |
internal stretching and pain; temperature in digestive/urinary tracts/reproductive system hunger and nausea |
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somatic motor division |
stimulates contraction of skeletal muscles voluntary nervous system |
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visceral motor neurons |
involuntary motor innervation of inner tube smooth/cardiac muscles and glands |
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sympathetic division |
visceral motor neurons that produce fight or flight response |
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parasympathetic division |
visceral motor neurons that produce the rest and digest response |
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proprioception |
a sense that detects the amount of stretch in muscles, tendons, and joint capsules; informs you on position and movement of body in space |
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special somatic senses |
receptors are confined to relatively small areas rather than spread widely throughout the body they are localized ex: receptors in eyes and ears for equilibrium |
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characteristics of neurons |
action potentials; extreme longevity; do not divide; high metabolic rate; require high levels of oxygen and glucose |
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chromatophilic substance |
clusters of ER and ribosomes in the cytoplasm of a neuron |
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neurofibrils |
bundles of intermediate filaments in chromatophilic substance |
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dendrites |
processes that branch from the the cell body like limbs on a tree; receptive sites; provide electrical signal toward the body |
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axons |
usually just one; thin with uniform diameter; transmit signals away from the body |
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nerve fiber |
a long axon |
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axon collaterals |
occasional branches on axons |
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terminal arborization |
profuse branches at the ENDS of axons |
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terminal boutons |
knobs at the the END of axons also known as axon terminals |
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synapses |
the site as which neurons communicate |
