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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diagnostic exam
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procedure that involves physical inspection of body structures and evidence of their functions
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Types of diagnostic exams
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xrays, endoscopy, radionuclide imaging, ultrasonography & electrical graphic recordings
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Nursing responsibilities
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-Pre-procedural care
-preparing clients -obtain equipment & supplies -arrange the examination area -procedure responsibilities -post procedural care |
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informed consent
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comprehension & involuntariness of the client
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dorsal recumbent position
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lying on the back
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lithotomy position
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butt on the edge of the bed, knees bent
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Sims' position
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patient lying on the side with the under arm behind the back, the thighs flexed, the upper one more than the lower
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knee-chest position
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resting on the knees and upper part of the chest
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modified standing
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standing
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Invalidate exam/test results:
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-incorrect diet prep
-insufficient bowel cleansing -drug interactions -failure to deliver specimen in a timely manner -incorrect or missing test |
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Common Diagnostic exams
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pelvic exam, radiography, MRI, contrast medium, fluroscopy, CT
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Why do pelvic exam?
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pap smear & check vagina and cervix
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Why do xrays?
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chest, upper & lower GI
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MRI
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technique for producing an image by using atoms subjected to a strong electromagnetic field
"no metal" |
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Contrast medium
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adds density to the body,
allergic reactions |
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Fluoroscopy
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displays image in real time
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CT
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shows plans of tissue
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Endoscopic exams
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through a hole in a body visually exams internal structures
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Radionnuclide imaging
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elements whose molecular structures are altered to produce radiation
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hot spot
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an area where the radionnuclide is intensely concentrated
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cold spot
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area w/little if any radionuclide concentration
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PET
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radionuclide and layered analysis of tomography
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Ultrasonography
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soft tissue exam that uses sound waves in ranges beyond human hearing
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transducer
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projects sounds through the body's structures
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electrical graphic recordings
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these include EKG, EEG & EMG
records electrical impulses from structures |
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diagnostic lab exams
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paracentesis, lumbar puncture, culture & capillary blood glucose
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paracentesis
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w/drawing fluid from the abdominal cavity
-relieve pressure/breathing -fluid crowds lungs |
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lumbar puncture
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"spinal tap"
needle into the lumbar vertebrae, measures spinal fluid pressure |
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culture
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incubation of mo's
done in the urine, blood, stool, wound drainage and throat |
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gram staining
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process of adding dye to a microscopic specimen
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Measuring capillary blood glucose
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measure blood sugar before meals and at bedtime
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