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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sexual Reproduction |
The production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types. A sperm and egg fuse to produce a diploid fertilized egg (zygote) which then undergoes repeated mitotic cell divisions to produce an offspring. The offspring are not genetically identical to its parents. |
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Asexual Reproduction |
A single animal produces offspring, usually through repeated mitotic cell divisions in some part of its body. The offspring are genetically identical to its parent. |
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Zygote |
A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum. |
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Gonads |
An organ that produces gametes. |
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SRY Gene |
A sex determining gene on the Y chromosome in mammals that determines maleness and is essential for development of the testes. |
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Regeneration |
The ability to regrow lost/damaged body parts. |
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Fission |
A method of reproduction by dividing into two or more pieces. |
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Parthenogenesis |
A method of reproduction in which egg cells develop into offspring without being fertilized. |
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Ovary |
The female gonad. Where eggs are produced. |
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Eggs |
Produced in the ovary; large, haploid cells containing food reserves that provide nourishment for the embryo. |
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Embryo |
An offspring in its early stages of development before birth or hatching. |
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Testis |
The male gonad. Where sperm are produced. |
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Sperm |
Produced in the testes; small, haploid, have almost no cytoplasm and hence no food reserves. Can swim by thrashing their tails. |
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Fertilization |
The fusion of sperm and egg which produces a diploid zygote. |
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External Fertilization |
Sperm and egg unite outside the bodies of the parents. Sperm and eggs are typically released into water (spawning), and the sperm swim to reach the eggs. |
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Spawning |
When the sperm and eggs are released into water during external fertilization. |
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Internal Fertilization |
Sperm are placed within the female's moist reproductive tract, where her eggs are fertilized. |
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Copulation |
The method by which internal fertilization occurs. The male deposits sperm directly into the female's reproductive tract. |
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Ovulation |
The release of a mature egg cell from the ovary of the female. |
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Spermatogenesis |
The production or development of mature spermatozoa (haploid sperm) |
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Scrotum |
Where the testes are located; a pouch that hangs outside the main body cavity. |
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Seminiferous Tubules |
In the testis, a series of tubes in which sperm are produced. |
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Semen |
Secretion of sperm mixed with secretions from seminal vesicles and prostate. |
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Spermatogonia |
Secretion of sperm mixed with secretions from seminal vesicles and prostate. |
