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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Potassium
Normal value |
3.5 - 5 mEq/L
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Causes of hypokalemia
actual total body potassium loss (7) |
excess diuretics/corticosteroids
increased aldosterone (e.g., Cushing's) vomiting/diarrhea wound draining (esp. GI) nasogastric suction excess sweating renal disease (impaired absorption) |
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Causes of hypokalemia
movement from extracellular to intracellular fluid (2) |
alkalosis
hyperinsulinism |
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Causes of hypokalemia
dilution of serum potassium (2) |
water intoxication
IV therapy (potassium-poor solution) |
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Assessment of hypokalemia
Cardiovascular changes (3) |
thready, weak, irregular pulse
weak peripheral pulses orthostatic hypotension |
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Assessment of hypokalemia
Respiratory (2) |
shallow, ineffective respirations (weak muscles)
diminished breath sounds |
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Assessment of hypokalemia
Neuromuscular (5) |
anxiety, lethargy, confusion, coma
muscle weakness/eventual flaccid paralysis loss of tactile discrimination paresthesias deep tendon hyporeflexia |
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Assessment of hypokalemia
GI (3) |
Decreased motility, hypoactive bowel sounds
nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal distention paralytic ileus |
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Assessment of hypokalemia
Labs (2) |
less than 3.5
ECG changes: ST depression, shallow/flat/inverted T wave, prominent U wave |
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Potassium - common food sources
15 |
avocado
banana cantaloupe carrots fish mushrooms oranges potatoes pork beef veal raisins spinach strawberries tomatoes |
