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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is another word for stuttering?
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Dysfluency
Stammering non-fluent speech |
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Is stuttering a newly discovered phenomenon?
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No, it dates back, at least, to the ancient Egyptians.
(Williams Capstone PPT, 2012) |
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Name three notable people who studied dysfluency in the past.
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Heroditus Freud
Hippoctares Travis Aristotle Johnson Amman Darwin (Williams Capstone PPT, 2012) |
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Does stuttering have a genetic component?
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It can. Individuals with a family history of stuttering are more likely to stutter, though it is not required.
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Does stuttering have an environmental factor?
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It can. Individuals who experience certain environments can develop secondary behaviors.
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Does stuttering have a neurophysiological component?
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It can. Individuals with certain laryngeal or cerebral pathologies (congenital or acquired) may stutter.
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What is the WHO's definition of stuttering?
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The World Health Organization defines stuttering as: including disorders in the rhythm of speech in which the individual knows precisely what he/she wishes to say, but at time is unable to say it because of an involuntary, repetitive prolongation or cessation of sound." (WHO, 1977)
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What are the types of disfluencies?
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Blocks
Interjections Prolongations Repetitions Revisions |
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In what two stages of stuttering do children from 2-6 years old fit?
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Stage 2: Boarderline Stuttering
Stage 3: Beginning Stuttering |
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In what stage of stuttering does a child from 6-13 years old belong?
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Stage 4: Intermediate Stuttering
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In what stage of stuttering does a person from 14-adult belong?
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Stage 5: Advanced Stuttering
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What are secondary behaviors?
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Secondary behaviors are physical manifestations of tension before or during stuttering (ex: lack of eye-contact, grimace, finger tapping).
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What is the consistency affect?
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When an individual is asked to read the same passage fromor a book a number of times, he or she will stutter on the same words in the text.
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What is the adaptation affect?
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When an individual is asked to read the same passage from a book a number of times, he or she will stutter on fewer words in the text.
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What is propositionality?
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This refers to the speakers emotional reaction to a given speaking situation. It may affect his or her fluency.
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What is anticipation of stuttering?
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This is the speaker's awareness that he or she is about to stutter.
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What are two goals of treatment for fluency disorders?
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Automatic Fluency
Fluency with conscious control Acceptable Stuttering |
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What is Acceptable Stuttering?
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Acceptable Stuttering is the maximum level of fluency some client's can achieve. The SLP focuses on increased control of speech and decreased secondary behaviors and negative self-perceptions of their client.
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What is Automatic Fluency
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Automatic Fluency is the client's ability to automatically use pro-fluent behaviors to attain a normal level of fluency.
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What is Fluency with conscious control?
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Fluency with conscious control is when a client exerts control over their level of fluency that results in a slower rate of speech, as well as increased fluency.
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What is the main philosophical difference between Fluency Shaping and Stuttering Modification techniques?
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Fluency shaping targets increased fluency through changing the way a client talks, while stuttering modification targets modifying behavior based around anticipated dysfluencies.
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Name and describe another stuttering treatment.
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Cognitive/Affective Restructuring treatment focuses on altering existing belief patterns of the client through counseling and role-playing.
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For what does the acronym SOLER stand?
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S- Squarely face the speaker
O- Open your posture L- Lean towards the speaker E - Eye-contact with speaker R- Relax while listening |
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What are the types of counseling responses?
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Affect Reframing
Affirmation Sharing-self Content Silence Counterquestion |
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What is an affect response?
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An affect response is when the therapist verbally identifies the client's unspoken feelings (ex: it must be very disappointing to hear that").
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