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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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natural selection |
explains that animals with certain adaptive characteristics are more likely to survive and pass their genes than others.
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necrosis |
tissue death, usually as individual cells, groups of cells, or in small localized areas.
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neglect dyslexia
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misreading errors usually confined to a single half of the word
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neocortex
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newest layer of the brain, forming the outer layer, or “new bark”
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how many layers of cells does neocortex have?
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from four to six
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cortex, synonym
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neocortex
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neotony
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when newly developed species resemble the young of their ancestors.
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nerve growth factor
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protein that plays a role in maintaining the growth of a cell.
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nerve impulse |
movement or propagation of an action potential along the length of an axon
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nerve-net hypothesis
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the idea that the brain is composed of a continuous network of interconnected fibers
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nicotinic receptor |
cholinergic receptor at the neuro-muscular junction.
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what is used to color neurons for microscopic examination
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Nissl stain
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Nissle substance
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large granular body that stains with basic dyes collectively forms the substance of the reticulum of the cytoplasm of a nerve cell
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nitric oxide
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gas that acts as a chemical neurotransmitter in many cells
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nocioperception
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perception of unpleasant stimuli, touch, temperature or pressure
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a major somatosensory submodality
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nocioperception
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Node of Ranvier
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Space separating the Schwann cells that form the covering (or myeline) on a nerve axon.
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They have lots of voltage-sensitive ion channels and accelerate the propagation of nerve impulses
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nodes of Ranvier
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nonfluent aphasia
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impairment characterized by difficulty articulating words
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damage to the frontal part of left hemisphere may result in (what kind of speech impairment
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nonfluent aphasia
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noradrenergic neuron
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uses norepinephrine as its neurotransmitter
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nystagmus
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constant, tiny involuntary eye movements
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occipital horns
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most-posterior projections of the lateral ventricles
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occipital lobe |
general area of the cortex lying in the back part of the head
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oligodendrocytes
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specialized support, or glial, cells in the brain that form a covering of myelin on nerve cells to speed the nerve impulse
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oligodendroglia, synonym
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oligodendrocytes
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optic ataxia
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deficit in the visual control of reaching and other movements and in eye movements
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orbitofrontal cortex
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lies adjacent to the cavity containing the eye
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organizational hypothesis
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proposes that actions of hormones in the course of development alter tissue differentiation
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semantic memory
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memory of world knowledge that is stored independently of the time and place at which it was acquired
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semantics
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study of meaning in language
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sensitization
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condition in which subsequent exposure to a drug induce a stronger behavioral response than did the original exposure
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sensorimotor transformation
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neural calculations that integrate the movements of the body with and the sensory feedback from those movements
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septum
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nucleus in the limbic system that, when lesioned in rats, produces sham rage and abolishes the theta EEG waveform
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serial lesion effect
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slowly acquired lesions have less severe symptoms than lesions acquired at once
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sexual selection
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mechanism of evolution in which the process of determining who mates with whom determines the characteristics of the offspring
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silent synapses
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do not appear functional until other, dominant synapses are removed
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sodium-potassium pump
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mechanism that shunts sodium out of the cell and potassium into it
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somatic muscles |
are attached to the skeleton
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subdivision of the peripheral nervous system |
somatic nervous system |
