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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rock Cycle
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the process in which rocks form, change, breakdown, and reform
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Crystallization
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the process through which rocks form, either from molten rock or from coming out of solution
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Plate Tectonics
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the theory that Earth's surface, lithosphere, is divided into a series of segments which move
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Atoms
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the smallest unit of an element that has the properties of that element
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Ions
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atoms which have lost or gained electrons
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Force
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a push or pull
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Newton's three laws
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1. Inertia
2. f=ma 3. action force/reaction force |
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Buoyancy
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push back force equal to the force exerted by the amount of water displaced by the object
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Gravity
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the pull of an object towards the center of its mass
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Topography
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the surface features of an area of Earth's continent
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Contour lines
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connect points of equal elevation
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Rules for a contour map
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1. contour lines never cross
2. circles show highest(hills, mountains)and lowest(basins lakes) is a closed system 3. hachure lines show decreases in elevation 4. contour lines crossing a stream point toward higher elevations 5. the closer the contour lines the steeper the slope 6. index lines have numbers on them 7. on a map the contour intervals are always equal |
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Science process skills
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set of "steps" through which information is gained and verified, including observations, hypothesis, variables, writing procedures, organized data.
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Observations
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information gained using the five senses
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Hypothesis
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proposed solution to a problem to be tested; based on observations and previous experience.
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Variables
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any thing which can change in an experiment
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Independent
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the one variable which is deliberately changed from one trial to another by the experimenter.
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Dependent
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the variable which may change in response to changes in the independent variable
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Controlled (constant) variables
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those variables which must remain the same from one trial to another
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Procedure
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step by step sequence for conducting an experiment
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Data
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observations of the changes made due to the manipulation of one variable. They are usually recorded in an organized chart.
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Quantitative
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observations involving measurements
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Qualitative
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observations of what occurs, very descriptive.
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Types of mining
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1. strip mining
2. open pit mining 3. deep mining 4. surface mining |
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Density
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amount of mass in a given volume of space g/mL
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Four Spheres of Earth
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1. atmosphere
2. hydrosphere 3. geosphere 4. biosphere |
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Weight
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the pull of gravity on the mass of an object
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