First Aid Embryology

Front 1

What is the structure of the umbilical cord that removed nitrogenous wastes from the fetus?

Back 1

Allantoic duct

Front 2

What structures are derived from the surface ectoderm?

Back 2

adenohypophysis, lens of eye, epithelial linings of skin, ear, eye, nose, epidemis

Front 3

What are the structures derived from the neuroectoderm?

Back 3

neurohypophysis, CNS neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, pineal gland

Front 4

What are the structures derived from the neural crest?

Back 4

ANS, dorsal root ganglia, melanocytes, chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla, enterochromaffin cells, pia, arachnoid, celiac ganglion, schwann cells, odontoblasts, parafollicular cells of thyroid, laryngeal cartilage, bones of skull

Front 5

What structures are derived from the endoderm?

Back 5

epithelial lining of GI system, lungs, liver, pancreas, thymus, parathyroid, thyroid follicular cells

Front 6

What structures are derived from the notochord?

Back 6

it induces the ectoderm to form the neuroectoderm, the only postnatal derivative is the nucleus pulposus

Front 7

What structures are derived from the mesoderm?

Back 7

muscles, bones, blood vessels, dura mater, CT, lymphatics, spleen, urogenital structures, kidneys, adrenal cortex

Front 8

What structures are derived from the truncus arteriosus?

Back 8

ascending trunk of aorta and pulmonary artery

Front 9

What structures are derived from the bulbus cordis?

Back 9

smooth potion of left and right ventricles

Front 10

What structures are derived from the primitive ventricle?

Back 10

trabeculated portion of left and right ventricles

Front 11

What structures are derived from the primitive atria?

Back 11

trabeculated portions of left and right atria

Front 12

What structures are derived from the left horn of the sinus venosus?

Back 12

coronary sinus

Front 13

What structures are derived from the right horn of the sinus venosus?

Back 13

smooth part of right atrium

Front 14

What structures are derived from the right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein?

Back 14

SVC

Front 15

Where does fetal erythropoiesis take place?

Back 15

YLSB
Yolk sac, liver, spleen , bone marrow

Front 16

What is the postnatal derivative of umbilical vein?

Back 16

ligamentum teres hepatis

Front 17

What is the postnatal derivative of umbilical arteries?

Back 17

medical umbilical ligaments

Front 18

What is the postnatal derivative of ductus arteriosus?

Back 18

ligamentum arteriosum

Front 19

What is the postnatal derivative of ductus venosus?

Back 19

ligamentum venosum

Front 20

What is the postnatal derivative of foramen ovale?

Back 20

fossa ovalis

Front 21

What is the postnatal derivative of allantois?

Back 21

median umbilical ligament

Front 22

What is the postnatal derivative of notochord?

Back 22

nucleus pulposus

Front 23

From what fetal structure are the branchial clefts(grooves) derived?

Back 23

ectoderm

Front 24

From what fetal structure are the branchial arches derived?

Back 24

mesoderm and neural crests

Front 25

From what fetal structure are the branchial pouches derived?

Back 25

endoderm

Front 26

What structures come from branchial arch 1? (think Ms)

Back 26

Meckels' Cartilage: mandible, malleus, incus, sphenoMandibular ligament
Muscles of Mastication: temporalis, Masseter, lateral and Medial pterygoids, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, anterior 2/3 of tongue
Nerves: CN V2 and V3

Front 27

What structures come from branchial arch 2? (Ss)

Back 27

Reichart's cartilage: Stapes, Styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, Stylohyoid ligament
Muscle of facial expression: Stapedius, Stylohyoid,
Nerve: VII

Front 28

What structures come from branchila arch 3?

Back 28

Cartilage: greated horn of hyoid
Muscle: stylopharyngeus
Nerve: IX
"pharynx"

Front 29

What structures come from branchial arch 4-6?

Back 29

Cartilages: thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids, corniculate, cuneiform
Muscles: 4(pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini), 6(all muscle of larynx except cricothyroid
Nerves: 4 (X superior laryngeal)
6 (X recurrent laryngeal)

Front 30

What is the inervation of branchial arches 1,2,3,4-6 respectively?

Back 30

V2,3--VII--IX--X

Front 31

What nerve provides sensation to the anterior 2/3 of tongue?

Back 31

V3 (hence from arch 1)

Front 32

What nerve provides taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue?

Back 32

VII

Front 33

What arches form the posterior 1/3 of tongue?

Back 33

3 and 4 thus sensation and taste mainly from IX

Front 34

What nerve provides motor control of tongue?

Back 34

XII

Front 35

What is the derivative of the 1st branchial cleft?

Back 35

external auditory meatus

Front 36

What pouches are responsible for development of the thymus and parathyroids?

Back 36

3 and 4

Front 37

What pouch provides the endodermal lined strucures of the ear (middle ear cavity, eustachian tubes, mastoid air cells)?

Back 37

1st

Front 38

What structures must fuse in to avoid a cleft lip?

Back 38

maxillary and medial nasal processes

Front 39

What structures must fuse to avoid a cleft palate?

Back 39

lateral palatine processes, nasal septum, and median palatine process

Front 40

What are the three embryologic stages of the kidney and their time course?

Back 40

Pronephros:week4
Mesonephros: first trimester
Metanephros: permanent