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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the basic principles of first aid? |
1. Treat first what killsfirst. 2. Do no further harm. |
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What is the very first step of first aid? |
1. Is it SAFE? Shout for help! Approach with care Free from danger Evaluate |
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What do you look for after everything is SAFE first? |
2. CSI suspicion? 1. High energy impact 2. Fall from height 3. Injury above the clavicle |
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The third step is to approach the victim, how do you approach him or her? |
3. Approach victim: Side that victim faces Open your eyes & Shake Do not step over the victim! |
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How can you look listen and feel the airway? |
Look: Chest Listen for noise: None Snoring-> Tongue -> Head tilt/Chin lift OR Jaw Thrust in case of CSI Gurgling-> Fluids Squeaking-> Object/swelling Feel: Exhaled air |
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What are possible problems with the airway? |
Fluid: 1. Water 2. Blood 3. Vomit Strange object Swelling: Allergic reaction Burns Intoxication Tongue: Lowered consciousness |
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What do you look listen and feel for with breathing? |
Look: - Level of consciousness - Skin colour(blue=cyanosis) - Frequency - Respiratory labour/distress (use of accessorymuscles) - Symmetry - Depth Listen: - Breathing noises – elongated expirium/wheezing Feel: - Frequency - Symmetry |
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What is a normal breathing rate? |
12-20 times /min. |
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What are possible problems with breathing? |
Tension pneumotorax |
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What do you do befor eyou start the look listen feel for circulation? |
First look for any major wounds on the body: Been Bodem Bekken Buik Borst |
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How do you look listen and feel for circulation? |
Look: -Levelof consciousness -Colourof skin -Capillary refill (sternum, forehead or nailbed) Listen: / Feel: -Pulse: strength, frequency, regularity -Skin: Temperature, moist/dry |
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What is the objective of looking for correct circulation? |
Recognising and preventing shock! |
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What do you do with major wounds? |
Rinse iwth water if possible First: 10 min. pressure Pressure gauze or bandage depending on clotting. |
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How do you look for disabilities? |
By using AMPLE: Allergies Medication use Past medical problems Last meals Event-mechanism |
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How do you check someones alertness in the D? |
AVPU: Alert: Talks Verbal: Talks but not on his own Pain: Only reacts to pain stimulus (nailbed, sternum, supra-orbital) Unresponsive |
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What are immediate signs of a cerebrovascular accident? (CVA) And what is important that you do? |
FAST Face Arms Speech Keep track of Time since onset of symptoms and tell 911. |
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If someone is suffering from anaphylaxis, what do you do? |
Use epipen in upper leg Do not put thumb on top!!! |
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What do you do if someone has an epileptic seizure? |
Time it. call 911 after 2 minutes or when seizure recurs |
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What are signs of mild hypothermia. |
Shiver, goosebumps, pale, exhaustion, disorientation. |
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What are signs of severe hypothermia? |
Stop shivering, HR goes down |
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What are signs of heat cramp? |
Exhaustion, pain in muscles |
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What are signs of heat stress? |
Sweating, hot/red/dry skin, nauesios, headache. |
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What are signs of a heat stroke, same as heat stress but high breathing ra |
same as heat stress but high breathing rate, and no sweat. |
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What are signs of shock? |
Skin: Pale, cool and moist Altered consciousness Rapid and weak pulse Nausea/vomiting |
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What is a sign of hypoglycemia? |
Light-headedness, sweating, Rapid/fast heartbeat, seizures |
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What are signs of anaphylaxis? |
Cappillary refill too long limited consiosness red/warm skin fast weak pulse Fast breathing Swelling |
