Firefighting

Front 1

Accordion load

Back 1

arrangement of fire hose and a hose bed or compartment in which the hose lies on the edge with the folds adjacent to each other

Front 2

Activation energy

Back 2

Energy that starts a chemical reaction when added to an atomic or molecular system

Front 3

Acute

Back 3

Sharp or severe; having a rapid onset and short duration

Front 4

Acute health effects

Back 4

Health effects that develop rapidly, often after exposure to a hazardous substance

Front 5

Adapter

Back 5

Device for connecting hose couplings with dissimilar threads but with the same inside diameter

Front 6

Adz

Back 6

A wedge-shaped blade attached at right angles to the handle of the tool

Front 7

Air-aspirating foam nozzle

Back 7

Foam nozzle specially designed to provide aeration required to make the highest quality foam possible; most effective appliance for the generation of low-expansion foam

Front 8

Airborne pathogens

Back 8

Disease causing micro-organisms (viruses, bacteria, or fungi) that are suspended in the air

Front 9

Airflow

Back 9

The movement of air toward burning fuel and the movement of smoke out of the compartment or structure

Front 10

Air-purifying respirator (APR)

Back 10

Respirator that removes contaminants bypassing ambient air through a filter, cartridge, or canister; may have a full or partial facepiece

Front 11

Airway

Back 11

A passage for carrying air from the nose or mouth to the lungs

Front 12

Alarm assignment

Back 12

Predetermined number and type of fire units assigned to respond to an emergency

Front 13

Alarm check valve

Back 13

type of check valve installed in the riser of an automatic sprinkler system that transmits a water flow alarm when the water flow in the system lifts the valve clapper

Front 14

Alarm initiating device

Back 14

Alarm system component that transmits a signal when a change occurs;change may be the result of an action such as the activation of a manual fire alarm box, the presence of products of combustion in the atmosphere, or the automatic activation of a supervisory switch

Front 15

All-hazard concept

Back 15

Provides a coordinated approach to a wide variety of incidents;all responders use a similar, coordinated approach with a common set of authorities, protections, and resources

Front 16

Alloy

Back 16

Substance or mixture composed of two or more metals (or a metal and a non-metallic element) fused together and dissolved into each other when molten intended to enhance the properties or usefulness of the base material

Front 17

Ambient conditions

Back 17

Common, prevailing, and uncontrolled atmospheric weather conditions. The term May refer to the conditions inside or outside of the structure

Front 18

Anaphylactic shock

Back 18

Shock caused by severe allergic reaction

Front 19

Annunciator panel

Back 19

Electrical device used to indicate the source or location of an activated fire alarm initiating device or the status of the system. The panel may include individual lights located at schematic map and an audible alarm signal

Front 20

Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)

Back 20

synthetic foam concentrate that, when combined with water, can form a complete vapor barrier over fuel spills and fires and is highly effective extinguishing and blanketing agent on hydrocarbon fuels.

Front 21

Arc

Back 21

High temperature luminous electrical discharge across a gap or through a medium such as charred insulation

Front 22

Area of origin

Back 22

General location (room or area)where the ignition source and the material first ignited actually came together for the first time

Front 23

Arson

Back 23

Crime of willfully, maliciously, and intentionally starting an incendiary fire or causing an explosion to destroy one's property or the property of another. Precise legal definitions vary among jurisdictions, where in it is to find by statutes and judicial decisions

Front 24

Artery

Back 24

Blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart

Front 25

Asphyxiation

Back 25

Fatal condition caused by a severe oxygen deficiency and an excess of carbon monoxide and / or other gases in the blood

Front 26

Attack hose

Back 26

Hose that is used by trained firefighters to combat fires

Front 27

Autoclave

Back 27

Device that uses high-pressure steam to sterilize objects

Front 28

Authority having jurisdiction (AHJ)

Back 28

term used in codes and standards to identify the legal entity, such as a building or fire official, that has the statutory authority to enforce a code and to approve or require equipment;maybe a unit of a local, state, or federal government, depending on where the work occurs. In the insurance industry it may refer to an insurance rating bureau or an insurance company inspection department

Front 29

Autoignition

Back 29

Initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame (NFPA 921)

Front 30

Autoignition temperature

Back 30

The lowest temperature at which a combustible material ignites in air without a spark or flame

Front 31

Automated external defibrillator (AED)

Back 31

Cardiac defibrillator design for a lay person use that analyzes the cardiac rhythm and determines its defibrillation is warranted

Front 32

Automatic aid

Back 32

written agreement between two or more agencies to automatically dispatch predetermined resources to any fire or other emergency reported in the geographic area covered by the agreement. These areas are generally located near jurisdictional boundaries or intersectional "islands."

Front 33

Automatic location identification (ALI)

Back 33

enhance 9-1-1 feature that displays the address of the party calling 9-1-1 on a screen for used by the public safety telecommunicator. This feature is also used to route calls to the appropriate public safety answering point (PSAP)and can you install information in its database regarding the appropriate emergency service (police, fire, and medical) that respond to that address

Front 34

Automatic sprinkler system

Back 34

system of water pipes, discharge nozzles, control valves designed to activate during fires by automatically discharging enough water to control or extinguish the fire.

Front 35

Auxiliary alarm system

Back 35

system that connects the protected property with the fire department alarm communications center by a municipal Master fire alarm box or over a dedicated telephone line.

Front 36

Awareness level

Back 36

lowest level of training established by the national fire protection association for the first responders at hazardous materials incidents.

Front 37

Backdraft

Back 37

explosive burning of gases that occurs when oxygen is introduced into a compartment that has a high concentration of flammable gases in the depleted supply of oxygen do to an existing fire.

Front 38

Backflow preventer

Back 38

A check valve that prevents water from flowing back into a system and contaminating it.

Front 39

Baffle

Back 39

Intermediate partial blockhead that reduces The surge of fact in a partially loaded liquid tank

Front 40

Ball valve

Back 40

valve having a ball shaped internal component with a hole through its center that permits water to flow through in a lined with the water way.

Front 41

Balloon frame construction

Back 41

A construction method using long continuous studs that run from the sill plate (located on the foundation) to the roof eave line. all intermediate floor structures are attached to the studs. Acquire the use of long lumber and generally lacks any type of fire stopping within the wall cavity.

Front 42

Base station radios

Back 42

Fixed, non mobile radios at a central location.

Front 43

Battering ram

Back 43

solid steel bar with handles and guards, a fork on one end, and a blunt and on the other, used to break down doors or create holes and walls. The tool weighs 3240 lb and can be operated by one or more firefighters.

Front 44

Becket bend

Back 44

Knot used for joining two ropes; particularly well suited for joining ropes on equal diameters are joining a rope and chain. Also known as a sheet bend.

Front 45

Bedded position

Back 45

Extension ladder with fly sections fully retracted.

Front 46

Bill of lading

Back 46

Shipping paper that describes the cargo, origin, destination, route;use in trucking in other industries, and typically placed in the cab of every truck tractor. Establishes the terms of a contract between a shipper and carrier.

Front 47

Biological death

Back 47

Condition presents when irreversible brain damage has occurred, usually 4 to 10 minutes after cardiac arrest.

Front 48

Blitz attack

Back 48

To aggressively attack of fire from the exterior with a large diameter (2 1/2 inch [65 mm] or larger) firestream.

Front 49

Block creel construction

Back 49

Method of manufacturing rope without any knots or splices; a continuous strand of fiber runs the entire length of the rope' core.

Front 50

Blowers

Back 50

Fans that are used to push fresh air into a structure. It may be powered by electricity, gasoline engines oh, or hydraulics. Blowers that are not intrinsically safe may only be used to push fresh air into the structure.

Front 51

Body substance isolation (BSI)

Back 51

The practice of taking proactive, protective measures to isolate body substances in order to prevent the spread of infectious disease.

Front 52

Boiling point

Back 52

temperature at which a liquid begins to boil, and vapor pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure. The rate of evaporation exceeds the rate of condensation, so more liquid is turning into gas than gas is turning into liquid.

Front 53

Booster Hoseline

Back 53

non collapsible rubber covered, rubber lined hose usually wound on a real and mounted somewhere on the apparatus and used for extinguishment of incipient and smoldering fires. This hose is most commonly found in 1/2, 3/4, and 1 in (13 mm, 19 mm, and 25mm) damanhur sentence used for extinguishing low-intensity fires and overhaul operations.

Front 54

Bowline knot

Back 54

Knot used to form a loop; it is easy to tie and untie, and does not constrict.

Front 55

B-post

Back 55

Post between the front and rear doors on a 4-door vehicle, or the door handle and post on a 2 door car.

Front 56

Braided rope

Back 56

Rope constructed by uniformly intertwining strands of rope together (similar to braiding hair).

Front 57

Braid on braid rope

Back 57

Group that consists of a braided core enclosed in a braided, herringbone pattern sheath.

Front 58

Breaching

Back 58

The act of creating a hole in a wall or floor to gain access to a structure or portion of a structure.

Front 59

Breakthrough time

Back 59

Time required for a chemical to permeate the material of protective suit.

Front 60

British thermal unit (BTU)

Back 60

Amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree Fahrenheit. 1 BTU = 1.055 kilo joules (kJ).

Front 61

Broken stream

Back 61

Stream of water that has been broken into coarsely divided drops.

Front 62

Buoyant

Back 62

The tendency or capacity to remain afloat in a liquid or rise in air or gas.

Front 63

Butterfly valve

Back 63

control valve that uses a flat circular plate in a pipe that rotates 90 degrees across the cross section of pipe to control the flow of water.

Front 64

Capacity stencil

Back 64

Number stenciled on the exterior of a tank car to indicate the volume of the tank.

Front 65

Capillaries

Back 65

Tiny blood vessels in the body's tissue in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place.

Front 66

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Back 66

Colorless, odorless, heavier than air gas that neither supports combustion nor Burns; Used in portable fire extinguishers as an extinguishing agent to extinguish class B or C fires by smothering or displacing the oxygen.

Front 67

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Back 67

Colorless, odorless, dangerous gas (both toxic and flammable)formed by the incomplete combustion of carbon. It combines with the hemoglobin more than 200 times faster than oxygen does, thus decreasing the blood's ability to carry oxygen.

Front 68

Carboy

Back 68

Cylindrical container of about 5 to 15 gallons (19 L to 57 L)capacity used for pure or corrosive liquids. Made of glass, plastic, or metal, with a neck and sometimes a pouring tip; cushioned in a wooden box, wicker basket, or special drum.

Front 69

Cardiac arrest

Back 69

Sudden cessation of heartbeat.

Front 70

Cardiogenic shock

Back 70

Shock caused by poor cardiac output.

Front 71

Carryall

Back 71

Waterproof carrier used to carry and cash debris or used as a water sump basin for immersing small burning objects.

Front 72

Cascade system

Back 72

Three or more large, interconnected air cylinders, from which smaller SCBA cylinders are recharged; the larger cylinder is typically have a capacity of 300 cubic feet (8490 L).

Front 73

Case-hardened steel

Back 73

Still used in vehicle construction whose exterior has been heat treated, making it much harder than the interior metal.

Front 74

Catalyst

Back 74

Something's that (usually increases) the rate of a chemical reaction, without being consumed in the process.

Front 75

Ceiling jet

Back 75

A relatively thin layer of flowing hot gases that develops under a horizontal surface. (EG, ceiling) as a result of plume impingement and the flowing gases being forced to move horizontally.

Front 76

Celsius scale

Back 76

International temperature scale on which the freeze point is 0°C (32°F) and the boiling point is 100°C (212°F) at normal atmospheric pressure at sea level. Also known as Centigrade scale.

(°F to °C) Deduct 32, then multiply by 5, then divide by 9

(°C to °F) Multiply by 9, then divide by 5, then add 32

Front 77

Central station system

Back 77

Alarm system that functions through constantly attended location (Central station)operated by an alarm company. Alarm signals from the detective property received in the central station and are thenretransmitted by trained personnel to the fire department alarm communications center.

Front 78

Chain of custody

Back 78

continuous changes of possession of physical evidence that must be established in court to admit such material into evidence. In order for physical evidence to be admissible in court, there must be an evidence log of accountability that documents each change of possession from the evidence is Discovery until it's presented in court.

Front 79

Check valves

Back 79

Automatic valve that permits liquid to flow in only one direction

Front 80

Chemical flame inhibition

Back 80

Extinguishment of a fire by interruption of the chemical chain reaction.

Front 81

Chemical pellet

Back 81

Ella of solder, under compression, within a small cylinder, that melts at a predetermined temperature, allowing a plunger to move down and release the valve cap parts.

Front 82

Chemical protective clothing (CPC)

Back 82

Clothing design to shield or isolate individuals from the chemical, physical, and biological hazards that may be encountered during operations involving hazardous materials.

Front 83

Chemical warfare agent

Back 83

Chemical substance intended for use in warfare or terrorist; designed to kill, injure, or incapacitate.

Front 84

Choking agent

Back 84

Chemical warfare agent that attacks the lungs, causing tissue damage.

Front 85

Circulating feed

Back 85

Fire hydrant that receives water from two or more directions.

Front 86

Circumstantial evidence

Back 86

Evidence presented in a trial that tends to prove a factual matter through inference by proving other events or circumstances.

Front 87

Class A foam

Back 87

Phone specially designed for use on class a combustibles. Class a foams, hydrocarbon-based surfactants, are essentially wetting agents that reduce surface tension of water and allowed to soak bustable materials more easily than plain water.

Front 88

Class B foam

Back 88

Foam fire suppression agent designed for use on an ignited or ignited class B flammable or combustible liquids.

Front 89

Clear text

Back 89

Use of plain language, including certain standard words and phrases, and radio communication transmissions.

Front 90

Clinical death

Back 90

Turn that refers to lack of signs of life, where there is no pulse and no blood pressure; occurs immediately after the onset of cardiac arrest.

Front 91

Clove hitch

Back 91

Knot that consists of two half hitches; its principal uses to attach a rope to an object such as a pool, post, or hose.

Front 92

Cockloft

Back 92

Concealed space between the top floor and the roof of a structure.

Front 93

Code

Back 93

A collection of rules and regulations that has been enacted by law in a particular jurisdiction. Codes typically address a single subject area; examples include a mechanical, electrical, building, or fire code.

Front 94

Cold zone

Back 94

safe area outside the ones on the equipment and personnel are not expect from contaminating our special protective clothing is not required; Instagram and post another support functions are typically located in the sun. Also known as support zone.

Front 95

Collapse zone

Back 95

Area beneath the wall in which the wall is likely to land if it loses structural integrity.

Front 96

Combination attack

Back 96

Extinction of fire using both direct and indirect attack. This method combines the steam-generating technique of a ceiling level attack with an attack on the burning material near the floor level.

Front 97

Combination ladder

Back 97

A type of ladder that can be used as a single, extension, or A-frame ladder.

Front 98

Combination system

Back 98

A combination of both gravity and direct pumping systems. Is the most common type of municipal water supply system.

Front 99

Combustible liquid

Back 99

Liquid having a flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and below 200°F (93.3°C).

Front 100

Competent ignition source

Back 100

After ignition source will have sufficient temperature and energy and be in contact with you long enough to raise it to its ignition temperature.

Front 101

Compressed air foam system (CAFS)

Back 101

Generic term used to describe a high-energy foam generation system consisting of water pump, a foam proportioning system, and an air compressor (or other air source) that injects air into the foam solution before it enters a hose line.

Front 102

Conduction

Back 102

Transfer of heat through or between solids that are in direct contact.

Front 103

Conductivity

Back 103

The ability of a substance to conduct an electrical current.

Front 104

Confinement

Back 104

Process of controlling the flow of a spill in capturing it at some specified location.

Front 105

Containment

Back 105

The act of stopping the further release of a material from its container.

Front 106

Contamination

Back 106

General term referring to anything that can taint physical evidence.

Front 107

Convection

Back 107

Heat transfer by circulation within a medium such as a gas or liquid.

Front 108

Corrosive

Back 108

Capable of causing corrosion by gradually corroding, rusting, or destroying a material.

Front 109

Corrosive material

Back 109

Chemical that severely corrodes steel and damages human tissue. Also known as corrosive.

Front 110

Critical flow rate

Back 110

Minimum flow rate at which extinguishment can be achieved.

Front 111

Cross-contamination

Back 111

Contamination of people, equipment, or environment outside the hot zone without contacting the primary source contamination. Also known as secondary contamination.

Front 112

Cross main

Back 112

Pipe connecting the feed Maine to the branch lines on which the sprinklers are located.

Front 113

Cross training

Back 113

training emergency services personality to function in more than one capacity. Occurs most often when person are trained as firefighters and EMTs or paramedics.

Front 114

Cryogens

Back 114

Gas is that convert to liquids when cooled at or below -130 degrees Fahrenheit (-101 degrees Celsius) also known as refrigerated liquids and cryogenic liquids.

Front 115

Culture

Back 115

The shared assumptions, beliefs, and values of a group or organization.

Front 116

Curtain wall

Back 116

A non load-bearing wall, often of glass and steel, fixed to the outside of a building and serving especially as cladding.

Front 117

Dam / Dyke

Back 117

Temporary or permanent barrier that contains our directs the flow of liquids.

Front 118

Dangerous goods

Back 118

(1) alternate term for hazardous materials, using Canada and other countries. (2) U.S. or Canadian term for hazardous materials aboard an aircraft.

Front 119

Dead-End hydrant

Back 119

Fire hydrant located on a dead-end main that receives water from only one direction.

Front 120

Dead load

Back 120

weight of the structure, structural members, building components, and any other features permanently attached to the building that are constant and immobile

Front 121

Defensive strategy

Back 121

overall plan for instant patrol established by The incident Commander that involves protection of exposures, as opposed to aggressive, offensive intervention.

Front 122

Deflector

Back 122

Park of the sprinkler assembly that creates discharge pattern of the water.

Front 123

Deionized water

Back 123

Water from which ionic salts, minerals, and impurities have been removed by ion exchange.

Front 124

Deluge Sprinkler System

Back 124

fire suppression system that consists of piping and open sprinklers. A fire detection system is used to activate the water or foam control valve. When the system activates, the extinguishing agent expels from all sprinkler heads in the designated area.

Front 125

Deluge valve

Back 125

Automatic valve used to control water to a deluge sprinkler system.

Front 126

Direct attack (ground cover)

Back 126

operation where action is taken directly on burning fuels by applying an extinguishing agent to the edge of the fire or close to it.

Front 127

Direct attack (structural)

Back 127

Attack method that involves the discharge of water or a phone stream directly onto the burning fuel.

Front 128

Direct evidence

Back 128

Type of evidence provided by a witness who obtained it through his or her senses.

Front 129

Direct pumping system

Back 129

Water supply systems supplied directly by a system of pumps rather than elevated storage tanks.

Front 130

Dispersion

Back 130

Process of being spread widely.

Front 131

Divert

Back 131

Actions to control movement of a hazardous material to an area that will produce less harm.

Front 132

Drafting

Back 132

Process of acquiring water from a static source in transferring it into a pump that is above the source's level;atmospheric pressure on the water surface forces the water into the pump where a partial vacuum was created.

Front 133

Drain valve

Back 133

Valve that allows pipe to drain when pressure is relieved into the pipe.

Front 134

Dry-barrel hydrant

Back 134

fire hydrant that has its operating valve located at the base or foot of the hydrant rather than in the barrel of the hydrant. When operating properly, there is no water in the barrel of the hydrant when it is not in use. These hydrants are used in areas were freezing may occur.

Front 135

Dry-pipe sprinkler system

Back 135

fire suppression system that consists of closed sprinklers attached to a piping system that contains air under pressure. When a sprinkler activates, air is released that activates the water or foam control valve and fills the piping with extinguishing agent

Front 136

Dry chemical

Back 136

Extinguishing system that uses dry chemical as the primary extinguishing agent; often used to protect areas containing volatile flammable liquids.

Front 137

Dry powder

Back 137

Extinguishing agent suitable for use on combustible metal fires.

Front 138

Dutchman

Back 138

Extra fold placed along the length of a section of hose as it is loaded so that it's coupling rests in the proper position.

Front 139

Dynamic rope

Back 139

Rope design to stretch under load, reducing the shock of impact after a fall.

Front 140

Eave

Back 140

the edge of a pitched roof that overhangs an outside wall. Attic vents in typical eaves provide an avenue for an exterior fire to enter the attic.

Front 141

Eduction

Back 141

Process used to mix foam concentrate with water and a nozzle or proportioner; concentrate is drawn into the water stream by the Venturi method; also known as Induction