Final Study

Front 1

____ is often referred to as the present key to the past

Back 1

Uniformitarianism

Front 2

Which one the following clays is produced from chemical weathering?

Back 2

Dissolved ions and clays.

Front 3

The ___ ion at the center of a silicate tetrahedron is surrounded by four

Back 3

Si, O

Front 4

What are vesicles?

Back 4

Open spaces formed in the rock as the lava solidified around gas bubbles

Front 5

The ___ forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics.

Back 5

Mesophere

Front 6

Decompression melting is the cause for magmas erupting in volcanoes at this location:

Back 6

Iceland

Front 7

Which scientific law is most useful for relative age dating of strata?

Back 7

Fossil succession

Front 8

What is the most important role in physical weathering?

Back 8

Increaseed surface area.

Front 9

Which is most likely to increase the explosive potential of a magma body beneath a volcano?

Back 9

High viscosity, high dissolved gas content.

Front 10

What is used for studying rocks with a polarizing microscope?

Back 10

thin sections

Front 11

Which mineral would you least likely find in a mature sandstone

Back 11

augite

Front 12

A cherty limestone would contain which major constituents?

Back 12

silica, calcite

Front 13

In the rock cycle, an igneous rock can subsequently be

Back 13

any combination

Front 14

Clastic sedimentary rocks are named on what basis?

Back 14

grain sizes of the detrital particles

Front 15

Why is yellowstone such a dangerous volcano?

Back 15

Super calderas have enormous explosive potential

Front 16

Flint, chert and jasper are microcrystalline minerals with a formula of

Back 16

SiO2

Front 17

You're examining a rock with two predominant mineral grains easily visible to the unaided eye; they're of similar size. You see visible quartz and also a mineral whose chemical composition is determined to be KAlSi3O8, The best name for this rock is:

Back 17

Granite

Front 18

What is the primary factor producting textural maturity of a clastic sedimentary rock?

Back 18

Transport distance

Front 19

A snowflake is a mineral

Back 19

True

Front 20

The active Hawaiian volcanoes are sitauated directly above a major boundary between two of the Earth's largest tectonic plates.

Back 20

False.

Front 21

Calcite and dolomite are dimorphic

Back 21

False

Front 22

Olivine and pyroxene that crystallize at high temperatures are generally much less susceptible to chemical weathering at the earth's surface than quartz.

Back 22

False

Front 23

Mud cracks in a shale or mudstone indicate the the mud or clay was deposited in deep waters of an offshore marine environment.

Back 23

False

Front 24

Viscosities of magmas increase with increasing percentages of silica.

Back 24

True

Front 25

Plutonic rocks are intrusive and generally consist of mineral grains coarse enough to be readily visible in a hand sample.

Back 25

true

Front 26

Flint, chert and jasper are microcrystalline minerals with a formula of

Back 26

SiO2

Front 27

You're examining a rock with two predominant mineral grains easily visible to the unaided eye; they're of similar size. You see visible quartz and also a mineral whose chemical composition is determined to be KAlSi3O8, The best name for this rock is:

Back 27

Granite

Front 28

What is the primary factor producting textural maturity of a clastic sedimentary rock?

Back 28

Transport distance

Front 29

A snowflake is a mineral

Back 29

True

Front 30

The active Hawaiian volcanoes are sitauated directly above a major boundary between two of the Earth's largest tectonic plates.

Back 30

False.

Front 31

Calcite and dolomite are dimorphic

Back 31

False

Front 32

Olivine and pyroxene that crystallize at high temperatures are generally much less susceptible to chemical weathering at the earth's surface than quartz.

Back 32

False

Front 33

Mud cracks in a shale or mudstone indicate the the mud or clay was deposited in deep waters of an offshore marine environment.

Back 33

False

Front 34

Viscosities of magmas increase with increasing percentages of silica.

Back 34

True

Front 35

Plutonic rocks are intrusive and generally consist of mineral grains coarse enough to be readily visible in a hand sample.

Back 35

true

Front 36

Flint, chert and jasper are microcrystalline minerals with a formula of

Back 36

SiO2

Front 37

You're examining a rock with two predominant mineral grains easily visible to the unaided eye; they're of similar size. You see visible quartz and also a mineral whose chemical composition is determined to be KAlSi3O8, The best name for this rock is:

Back 37

Granite

Front 38

What is the primary factor producting textural maturity of a clastic sedimentary rock?

Back 38

Transport distance

Front 39

A snowflake is a mineral

Back 39

True

Front 40

The active Hawaiian volcanoes are sitauated directly above a major boundary between two of the Earth's largest tectonic plates.

Back 40

False.

Front 41

Calcite and dolomite are dimorphic

Back 41

False

Front 42

Olivine and pyroxene that crystallize at high temperatures are generally much less susceptible to chemical weathering at the earth's surface than quartz.

Back 42

False

Front 43

Mud cracks in a shale or mudstone indicate the the mud or clay was deposited in deep waters of an offshore marine environment.

Back 43

False

Front 44

Viscosities of magmas increase with increasing percentages of silica.

Back 44

True

Front 45

Plutonic rocks are intrusive and generally consist of mineral grains coarse enough to be readily visible in a hand sample.

Back 45

true

Front 46

What are the three principle types of lithospheric plate bounaries.

Back 46

Convergent, divergent, transform

Front 47

Name 7 of the 8 most important igneous rock forming silicate minerals

Back 47

plagioscape feldspar, muscovite mica, biotite mica, orthoclase feldspar, quartz, olivine, plagioclase feldspar

Front 48

Seven of 8 most important elements found in igneous rock forming silicate materials

Back 48

Si, Mg, Na, Ca, K, Al, Fe

Front 49

Three most important sedimentary rock forming non-silicate minerals

Back 49

Calcite, Dolomite, Gypsum

Front 50

The physical property denoting a minerals tendancy to split along parallel, planar surfaces is known as what?

Back 50

cleavage

Front 51

What term describes the larger mineral grains in porphyritic igneous rock

Back 51

phenocrysts

Front 52

Igneous rocks are classified on the basis of which two main characteristics

Back 52

Composition, texture