Final Exam Psych

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social psychology

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studies how we think about, influence, and relate to one another using psychological concepts

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deindividuation

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results in a loss of individual identity and a gaining of the social identity of the group

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anonymity

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can't be found out

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diffused responsibility

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not responsible for my actions

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group size

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large group increases anonymity and diffused responsibility

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persuasion

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attempts to influence a persons beliefs, intentions, or behavior

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attitudes

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evaluations of a particular person, behavior, belief, or concept

change depending on message source, characteristics of the message and target

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central route processing

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persuasion occurs when a person is persuaded by content of the message

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peripheral route processing

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occurs when the listener decides whether to agree with the message based on other cues besides the strength of the argument or ideas

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cognitive dissonance

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the conflict that occurs when a person holds two contradictory attitudes or thoughts

attitude does not line up with behavior

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halo effect

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initial understanding that a person has positive traits is used to infer other uniformly positive characteristics

one thing is good they are all good

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self-serving bias

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tendency to attribute personal success to personal factors

good on ourself, bad onto something or someone else

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assmed similarity bias

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the tendency to think of people having same beliefs or values

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attribution theory

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seeks to explain how we decide what the specific causes of that person's behavior are situational causes or dispositional causes

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situational causes

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perceived causes of behavior based on environmental factors

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dispositional causes

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perceived causes of behavior that are based on internal traits or personality traits

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fundamental attribution theory

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tendency to over attribute others behavior to dispositional causes and minimize the importance of situational causes

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availability heuristic

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tendency to confuse the probability of an events occurrence with the ease with which it can be imagined

the more we do something the more we see it

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social cognition- impression formation

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individual pieces of information about another person are integrated to form a global impression of the individual

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social influence

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the process by which the actions of an individual or group affect the behavior of others

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social roles

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behaviors that are associated with people in a given position

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conformity

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a change in behavior or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beliefs or standards of other people

unspoken social pressure (elevator)

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obedience

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tendency to comply to the demands of those in authority

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compliance

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response made in reaction to a request

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foot in the door

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compliance tactic that involves getting a person to agree to a large request by first having them agree to a modest task

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door in the face

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compliance method when the person will ask a large task that a student will most likely turn down

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prejudice

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negative or positive evaluation of a particular group and its members

attitudes that are unjustified

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discrimination

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behavior that is directed towards individuals on the basis of their membership in a particular group

take a belief and act on it

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stereotype

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generalized beliefs and expectations about a particular group of people and its members

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self fulfilling prophecy

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when expectations about a behavior act to increase the likelihood that the behavior will occur

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interpersonal attraction

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positive feelings for others; liking and loving

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proximity

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geographic closeness leads to liking

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mere exposure

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repeated exposure to any stimulus usually makes you like it more

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passionate

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state of intense absorption in someone/ intense arousal

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compassionate

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strong affection we have for those with whom our lives are deeply involved

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agression

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the internal injury of, or harm to, another person

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prosocial behavior

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helping behavior

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diffusion of responsibility

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tendency for people to feel the responsibility for acting is share among those present

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altruism

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helping behavior that is beneficial to others but clearly requires self sacrifice

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bystander effect

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people do not step in and help because they think someone else will do it

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stress

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a persons response to events that are threatening or challenging

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PTSD

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victims of major catastrophes feel long lasting effects that may include re-experiancing the event in vivid flashbacks or dreams

long term effects

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background stressors

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everyday annoyances that cause minor irritation and may have long term effects if they continue or are compounded by others stressful events

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cataclysmic events

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strong stressors that occur suddenly, affecting many people at once and suddenly

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stressors

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circumstances or events that produce threats to our well being

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personal stressors

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major life events such as death of a family member that have immediate negative consequences that fade with time

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psychoneuroimmunology

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the study of the effect of the mind on health and resistance to disease