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134 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following is the Greek term for city-state? |
Polis |
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Which of the following is the Greek term for “the good or flourishing life”? |
eudaimonia |
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Who is considered the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey? |
Homer |
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Which of the following words is derived from the Greek word meaning “rule of the people”? |
democracy |
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Which of the following rivers is associated with the city of Rome? |
the tiber |
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Which of the following items refers to the land-owning aristocrats who served as priests, magistrates, lawyers, and judges in ancient Rome? |
patricians |
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Which of the following terms refers to the poorer class who were the craftspeople, merchants, and laborers in ancient Rome? |
plebeians |
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Who was the Roman rhetorician who recognized the power of the Latin language to communicate with the people? |
Cicero |
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During which of the following ancient Chinese dynasties were the Book of Changes and the yin-yang sign codified and written down? |
the Zhou Dynasty |
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Who is considered the author of the Way of Life, which is Daoism's primary philosophical treatise? |
Lao Tzu |
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Which of the following is the Chinese term for the unifying principle of all nature? |
Qi |
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Which of the following terms refers to good and righteous conduct reflecting the cosmic moral order the underlies all existence? |
Dharma |
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Which of the following terms refers to a place or state free from worry, pain, and the external world? |
nirvana |
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To attain Dao ("the way"), an individual must practice |
"not-doing" |
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A seated Buddha from Ungang, Shaanxi, China, exhibits the Dhyana mudra. This mudra represents |
the gesture of meditation and balance |
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Which of the following terms refers to Muhammad’s series of successors who assumed political and religious authority following the death of the Prophet? |
caliphs |
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Which of the following is translated as “surrender” or “submission”? |
Islam |
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Which of the following archangels delivered the recitations from God to Muhammad, later forming the scriptures of Islam? |
Gabriel |
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Which of the following terms refers to the practice of destroying religious images? |
iconoclasm |
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Which of the following is the English translation of Hagia Sophia? |
Holy Wisdom |
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The Judaic Torah consists of |
the five books of moses |
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Which Christian symbol is derived from the Greek word ichthys? |
fish |
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Which ruler was responsible for granting religious freedom to all Romans? |
Constantine |
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What is the modern name for Constantinople |
Istanbul |
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Feudalism, a system in which a person (vassal) pledged loyalty for protection, was a well-established part of the agricultural system of the Middle Ages. How did this system relate to that of earlier hierarchies? |
Feudalism was originally modeled after the Roman custom of patronage. |
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Which of the following is the best summary of the epic Beowulf? |
It is an account of a Scandinavian warrior who rids a community of the monsters that have been ravaging it. |
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What was significant about Pope Leo III’s crowning of Charlemagne as emperor on Christmas Day, 800 CE? |
This ceremony was the beginning of what would become known as the Holy Roman Empire. |
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Whose “Rule” (set of guidelines) was imposed on all monasteries throughout Charlemagne’s Frankish kingdom? |
Benedict |
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Which of the following documents the Norman invasion of England in 1066? |
Bayeux Tapestry |
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Who introduced the idea of depicting notes on a staff of lines so that the same note always appears on the same line—resulting in the birth of modern musical notation? |
Guido of Arezzo |
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What is the name of the system whereby the eldest son inherits all property? |
primogeniture |
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Which of the following cities did Eleanor of Aquitaine and her daughter Marie, Countess of Champagne, establish as the center of a secular culture and literary movement that celebrated the art of courtly love? |
poitiers |
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Who composed Lancelot, which centered on the adventures of a knight in King Arthur’s court? |
Chrétien de Troyes |
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Which of the following terms refers to a free man in Anglo-Saxon culture who owned a farm of between 90 and 100 acres? |
churl |
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Which of the following did Chartres Cathedral claim as its most cherished relic? |
the tunic Mary wore at Jesus’ birth |
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Which of the following is considered the chief purpose of the stained-glass programs in all Gothic cathedrals? |
to tell the stories of the bible |
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In a Gothic church, which of the following was traditionally built against an exterior wall to provide support and brace it against strong winds? |
flying buttress |
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Which of the following was written by a distinguished University of Paris lecturer who taught by the dialectical method? |
sic et non |
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Who wrote the Summa Theologica and was one of the prominent spokesmen for Scholasticism? |
aquinas |
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Who painted the fresco known as the Allegory of Good Government? |
Ambrogio Lorenzetti |
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In which of the following industries did Florence become the center for production in the Western world? |
the textile industry |
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Who is the author of the Divine Comedy? |
Dante Alighieri |
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Which of the following provides a startling description of Florence during an outbreak of the plague? |
The Decameron |
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On which work is The Canterbury Tales modeled? |
The Decameron |
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Why was Florence considered the preeminent Italian city-state of the fifteenth century? |
Florence was home to the Medicis, a wealthy and powerful family who supported the city’s guilds and artists and influenced the city’s politics. |
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Why was Lorenzo de’ Medici given the nickname of il Magnifico? |
He was a great champion of the city’s arts and education. |
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Which of the following artists did the city of Florence commission to create a freestanding statue of the Biblical hero David using a huge cracked block of marble that all other sculptors had abandoned? |
Michaelangelo |
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Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is on a wall |
In a monestary refectory |
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What was the primary method Pope Julius II used to finance construction of the new St. Peter’s Basilica? |
He sold indulgences. |
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In protest against the sale of indulgences, who launched the Protestant Reformation in Germany? |
Martin Luther |
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Who is author of The Prince? |
Niccolò Machiavelli |
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Whose relics reside in Venice’s cathedral? |
St. Mark |
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Who was the first professional woman composer to see her own compositions in print? |
Madalena Casulana |
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Which Italian term means casual effortlessness, a characteristic appropriate for both men and women? |
sprezzatura |
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What was a major commodity in Bruges? |
Paintings |
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What is significant about the Mérode Altarpiece? |
It reflects the emerging merchant class and new wealth. |
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What oil-painting technique did Jan van Eyck use in Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife Giovanna Cenami that is particular to Northern Renaissance painting? |
a smooth surface that does not show brushstrokes |
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Who created The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse? (Hint: Do you see a brand/logo on it?) |
Albrecht Dürer |
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Martin Luther’s argument stated that moral virtue is not measured in good deeds but through faith. How might this contradict the Church’s view? |
The Church encouraged works, deeds, and the sale of indulgences (monetary payment for remission of sinful acts). |
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Into which language did Martin Luther translate the Bible? |
German |
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Why was Martin Luther’s translation of the Bible an important part of the Protestant Reformation? |
The distribution of a Bible in the common language of the people offered Christian study outside the confines of the papacy. |
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The Church’s response to the Reformation was the Counter-Reformation. As part of that movement, which of the following Church organizations included among its guidelines Rule 13, which addresses renewed obedience to the authority of the Church? |
The Jesuits |
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Which of the following theaters was most closely associated with Lord Chamberlain’s players and with William Shakespeare? |
The Globe |
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According to the author, which of Shakespeare’s works is his greatest creative achievement? |
Hamlet |
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Which of the following Mesoamerican cultures depended on an elaborate calendar system that included a 260-day calendar as well as a 365-day calendar? |
The Mayan Culture |
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Who led the Spanish expedition that conquered the Aztec empire of Mexico in the first quarter of the sixteenth century? |
Hernán Cortés |
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Who led the Spanish expedition that conquered the Inca Empire in Peru in 1533 with an army of only 180 men? |
Francisco Pizzaro |
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Why was the apse of Santo Domingo built in its current location? |
to intentionally impose the symbol of Christian power over the circular wall of the Coricancha, a site of Inca worship |
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Which of the following European navigators sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and reached Calicut, India, in approximately 1497? |
Vasco De Gama |
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Which of the following terms identifies a horseshoe-shaped copper or brass object, which served as the standard medium of exchange in the Benin culture? |
Manilla |
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Who is memorialized by the Taj Mahal? |
Mumtaz-i-Mahal |
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Which of the following dynasties developed movable type, allowing them to print books on paper—approximately 400 years before Gutenberg introduced his movable type printing press in the West? |
The song dynasty |
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Which of the following became the favorite motif used by Ming artists because they symbolized the emperor? |
Dragons |
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Who is the influential scholar whom the author refers to as the “most influential disseminator” of Zen Buddhist philosophy in the West? |
D. T. Suzuki |
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In what way does the work Jupiter and Io embrace the Mannerist spirit? |
The sharp light and vast dark within the work is in sharp contrast. |
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Which work was investigated by the Roman Inquisition on grounds of possible heresy? |
Last Supper |
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Who painted the Resurrection, which includes distinct Mannerist qualities and is decorous to the extent that draperies carefully conceal all inappropriate nudity? |
El Greco |
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Artemisia Gentileschi painted five separate versions of the biblical story of Judith and Holofernes. Why did she focus on this story instead of the traditional subject of the Annunciation? |
She preferred stories in which women were heroines and strong figures. |
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Why was Venice considered to be the most innovative and cosmopolitan for music of the seventeenth century? |
The efforts of Giovanni Gabrieli, the organist at St. Mark’s, composed secular music and worked to make church music more engaging. |
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The Council of Trent mandated that music heard during the Mass must |
not be secular music. |
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With which of the following musical forms is Antonio Vivaldi most closely associated? |
The Concerto |
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What event caused Versailles to become the unofficial capital of France? |
King Louis XIV permanently moved his court and government offices there. |
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Who served as the head of the Royal Academy of Music and created a new operatic genre known as tragédie en musique? |
Jean-Baptiste Lully |
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Who created Las Meninas and became the only artist permitted to paint Spain’s King Philip IV? |
Diego Velázquez |
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Who was commissioned to rebuild 52 of the churches destroyed in the Great Fire of London, including Saint Paul’s Cathedral? |
Christopher Wren |
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What is the intended meaning behind Hobbes’s Leviathan? |
Humankind’s only hope is to submit to a higher authority. |
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What is Locke’s assertion in Essay on Human Understanding? |
People are perfectly capable of governing themselves. |
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William Hogarth’s Gin Lane, which explores the consequences of Londoners being addicted to gin, serves as |
Social Commentary |
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Which of the following is the author of Discourse on Method and is considered a founder of deism and of analytic geometry? |
René Descartes |
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What does Isaac Newton assert in his work Principia? |
The universe is a well-ordered system in its operations and principles. |
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What was the benefit of using the flying shuttle? |
A weaver could quickly propel the shuttle through the loom yarn for much faster weaving and larger pieces of cloth. |
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Tattooing is most closely associated with the traditions of which of the following? |
the Tahitians |
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The writing of Jane Austen, especially in Pride and Prejudice, reflects |
the limitation of gender roles in eighteenth-century society. |
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In which work did Voltaire praise the Chinese for maintaining civilization? |
Essay on the Morals and Customs of Nations |
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The Stamp Act of 1765 imposed tax on many common items, including calendars, playing cards, and |
newspapers |
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Who is the silversmith that engraved The Bloody Massacre? |
Paul Revere |
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Who was considered the chief drafter of the American Declaration of Independence and chairman of the committee that prepared the document? |
Thomas Jefferson |
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Who was hired to rebuild the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C., after the British burned it during the War of 1812? |
Benjamin Henry Latrobe |
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Who argued for and became a member of the “Republic of Virtue,” a dictatorship led by a twelve-person Committee for Public Safety? |
Maximilien Robespierre |
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What was the purpose or intent of David’s Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard? |
It served as political propaganda. |
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“Tintern Abbey” is understood as the most eloquent statement of |
The Romantic Imagination |
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Which of the following works features a lone man with windblown hair positioned directly in front of the viewer on a rocky promontory? |
The Wanderer above the Mists |
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About whose music did Emperor Joseph II comment, “Too many notes!”? |
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart |
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Which of Frédéric Chopin’s compositions were known as “studies,” which addressed particular technical challenges on the piano? |
etudes |
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Which of the following literary works is a fictionalized account of the life of Delphine Delamare, the adulterous wife of a country doctor who died of grief after deceiving and ruining him? |
Madame Bovary |
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Who wrote an autobiography that provides a compelling account of life under slavery? |
Frederick Douglass |
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Who is the author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin? |
Harriet Beacher Stowe |
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Who issued a scathing indictment of industrial life in Condition of the Working Class in England? |
Friedrich Engels |
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Which of the following describes Karl Marx’s Das Kapital? |
It offered a view of the conditions of the proletariat and an interpretation of capitalism. |
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Who shot the photograph A Harvest of Death, Gettysburg, Pa., considered by some as “the most famous photograph” to come out of the American Civil War? |
Timothy O'Sullivan |
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Who painted Impression: Sunrise, which played a significant role in giving Impressionism its name? |
Claude Monet |
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What is the French phrase for painting done out of doors? |
en plein air |
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Who is the author of Nature, which became the “intellectual beacon” for the “Transcendental Club”? |
Ralph Waldo Emerson |
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What name do the Japanese use to refer to the art of woodblock printing? |
ukiyo-e |
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Who wrote the General Principles of Relativity? |
Albert Einstein |
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Which of the following painters was greatly influenced by travels to Tahiti? |
Paul Gauguin |
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With whom did Pablo Picasso develop Cubism? |
Georges Braque |
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Filippo Marinetti, Umberto Boccioni, and Giacomo Balla were among the artists who collectively developed a new style known as |
Futurism |
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Who directed the Ballet Russes during the premiere of the ballet The Rite of Spring? |
Sergei Diaghilev |
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Who wrote “Jazz Band in a Parisian Cabaret,” one of many poems collected in Weary Blues and published in 1926? |
Langston Hughes |
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Among the following, who was a trumpeter that formed two studio bands, The Hot Five and The Hot Seven, and recorded Hotter Than That, which features “scat”? |
Louis Armstrong |
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Among the following, who enjoyed a five-year engagement at Harlem’s Cotton Club and performed It Don’t Mean a Thing (If It Ain’t Got That Swing), introducing the term “swing” to jazz culture? |
Duke Ellington |
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With which of the following are the terms “id,” “ego,” and “superego” most closely associated? |
Sigmund Freud |
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Who created Persistence of Memory? |
Salvador Dali |
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Sartre’s existential perspective includes only one certainty: -death. -inequality. -human greed. -God. |
death |
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What of the following phrases describes Waiting for Godot and characterizes it as Theater of the Absurd? |
the promise of action and the realization of no action |
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The Beat generation is best described as |
a generation rebelling against the conformity of the postwar American status quo. |
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The term “Pop Art” came to refer to art that reflects |
consumer culture as its theme. |
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The refined austerity of International-style architecture is best described as |
"Less is more" |
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During the 1960s, which of the following U.S. cities was considered the center of the civil rights movement? |
Birmingham, Alabama |
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Which of the following artists is most closely associated with a series of paintings of Campbell’s Soup cans? |
Andy Warhol |
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Who wrote Slaughterhouse-Five, narrated by a survivor of the Allied fire-bombing of Dresden? |
Kurt Vonnegut |
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Who was instrumental in introducing graffiti to the art world? |
Jean-Michel Basquiat |
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Who is the author of “Child of the Americas,” which reflects on the distinctive culture group inside the United States and was created by North Americans of Hispanic descent? |
Aurora Levins Morales |
