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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of Spinal Cord
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Conduction
Locomotion Reflexes |
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# spinal nerves
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31 pairs
8 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 5 Sacral 1 Coccygeal |
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Medullary cone
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tapered tip
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Cauda equinae
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L2-S5
Horse's tail |
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Meninges
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Dura Mater (outer)
Arachnoid mater (middle) Pia mater (inner) - adheres to spinal cord |
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Spinal Cord grey/white matter
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Grey - neuron cell bodies w/ little myelin, pair of dorsal horns, pair of ventral horns
White - myelinated bodies, 3 pairs of funiculi |
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Decussation
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Fibers cross sides
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Parts of nerve
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Epineurium - covers nerve
Perineurium - surrounds a fascicle Endoneurium - separates individual nerve fibers |
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Epineurium
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covers nerve
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Perineurium
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surrounds a fascicle
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Endoneurium
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separates individual nerve fibers
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Nerve plexuses
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5
Cervical Brachial Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal |
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Dermatome
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area of skin that sends sensory input to spinal nerve - overlap 50% at edges
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Somatic Reflexes
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automatic responses to sensory input
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Somatic Reflex Arc
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- Stimulation of somatic receptors
- Afferent fibers carry signal to dorsal horn of spinal cord - Interneurons intergrate the info - Efferent fibers carry impulses to skeletal muscles - Skeletal muscles respond |
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Proprioceptors
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Sense organ that monitors length of muscle & how fast muscles change in length
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Stretch Reflex (Myotatic)
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When a muscle is stretched, it contracts & maintains increased tonus
- equilibrium, joint stabilization, tendon reflex |
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Golgi Tendon Reflex
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excessive tension on tendon inhibits motor neuron, contraction decreased
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Rostral
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Toward the nose
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Caudal
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Toward the tail
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Longitudinal fissure
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Separates 2 cerebral hemispheres
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Central sulcus
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separates frontal & parietal lobe
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Gyri
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folds
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Sulci
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grooves
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Cortex
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surface of grey matter
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Nuclei
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deeper masses of grey matter
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Tracts
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bundles of axons (white matter)
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Dura Mater
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Tough outer meninges
- Outer periosteal layer - Inner meningeal layer - Subdural space |
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Arachnoid Mater
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Middle meninges
Spider web filamentous layer |
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Pia Mater
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Deepest meninges
Thin vascular layer adherent to contours of brain |
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Lateral Ventricle
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found in cerebral hemisphere b/w corpus callosum & Fornix
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Third Ventricle
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single verticle space under corpus callosum
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Cerebral Aqueduct
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Runs through midbrain
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Fourth Ventricle
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Small chamber b/w pons & cerebellum
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Central Canal
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Runs down spinal cord
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Cerebrospinal Fluid Functions
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Buoyancy
Protection Chemical stability |
