Film Terms

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Scriptwriter

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A person who writes scripts.

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Screenplay

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A script for a movie or a television show.

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Story

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A sequence of real or fictional events.

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Character

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A being involved in the action of a story.

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Plot

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The course of a story, comprising a series of incidents gradually unfolded.

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Protagonists

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The main characters in any story.

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Dramatis personae

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A list of characters in a play, usually arranged in order of first appearance.

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Antagonists

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The main characters or forces opposing the protagonist.

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Archetype

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A character, story or object that is based on a known one.

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Narration

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An orderly recital of the particulars of a transaction or event.

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First person narrative

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A form of narrative writing using verbs in first person to give impression that the action is happening to the narrator.

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Third person narrative

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A form of narrative writing using verbs in third person to give impression that the action is happening to another person.

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Unreliable narration

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A type of narration that provides inaccurate, misleading, conflicting, or questionable information to the audience.

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Blocking

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The arrangements made for the composition of a scene, especially the placement and movements of actors.

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Continuity

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The narrative growth of a film created through combination of visuals and sound.

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Crane Shot

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A shot taken from a boom that can move both horizontally and vertically.

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Deep Focus

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Keeping imagea close by and far away in sharp focus simultaneously.

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Dolly

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A platform on wheels serving as a camera mount capable of movement in any direction.

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Fill Light

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Light used to control shadows by "filling in" certain dark areas.

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Fine Cut

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The final assembling of all the various audial and visul components of a film.

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Film Stock

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Unexposed strips of celluloid holding light-sensitive emulsions.

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Edwin S. Porter

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"The Great Train Robbery." Started in Edison's Co. In 1901. Invents cross-cutting.

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George Melies

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"Trip to the Moon" in 1898

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D.W. Griffith

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"Birth of a Nation" in 1915

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Auguste and Louis Lumiere

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"Train Entering a Station" in Dec. 28 1895. First exhibited film.

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Frames per Second in a Silent Film

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16 FPS

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Frames per Second in today's films

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24 FPS

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Frames per Second in television

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29.9 FPS

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Charlie Chaplin

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Best known as "Little Tramp" and "Underdog." Appeared in and directed 35 films. Legendary years (1889-1977)

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Thomas A. Edison

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Invented the kinetoscope and the first moving camera (kinetograph) in 1891.

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History of Film

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Began in 1880's with Edison's first moving camera. Most films up to 1930 were silent.

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Persistence of Vision

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Perceive motion in films. See an image and continue to see it for a fraction of a second longer.

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The Phi Phenomenon

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When the brain "fills in" the missing "in between" images to create illusion of continuous motion.

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Praxinoscope and Zoetrope

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Parlor toys. One used with mirrors and the other with slots to see through.

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Birth of a Nation

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First blockbuster in film history. Cost 110,000

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George Eastman

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Invented the film used in the cameras.

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First famous director in America?

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George Melliès

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First big movie star?

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Florence Lawrence

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Name of the company formed by Edison in 1898?

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Motion Picture Patents Company

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MPPC

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Theda Bara

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First vamp in film history

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Movie Stars of the Silent Era

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Mary Pickford, Theda Bara, and Rudolph Valentino.

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United Artists

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Formed by Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, D.W. Griffith, and Douglas Fairbanks in 1919

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Silent Era

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Comic situation, inter-titles, music cues, lots of movements, make up

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Tinting film

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Blue= night

Red= fire

Green= mystery

Yellow/Amber= Day

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Film Noir (cinematography, mise-en-scene, sound, and editing)

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Angles, reflections, low-key lighting, high contrast, urban locations, jazz, voice over, sudden noises, non-linear start, jump cuts.

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Film Noir (narratives/themes and characters)

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Crooks, amnesia, black widow, gangsters, murder, drugs, sin and punishment, femme fatale, detective, fall guy, crooked police, millionaires.

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Film Noir

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Lasted about ten years. 1945-1955. Darkness of setting and humanity.

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Talented directors of 1939-1945

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Frank Capra, Alfred Hitchcock, Preston Sturges, Orson Welles, Howard Hawks, John Ford, George Cukor.

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Gone with the wind

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David O'Selznick

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Citizen Kane

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Redefined the look of modern American cinema. Orson Welles. 1941

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Confessions of a Nazi Spy

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Anatole Litvak, 1939. Before US entered the war.

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The Mortal Storm

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Caused studio problems with the PCA (Production Code Administration)

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Crown Film Unit

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Directors trained by John Grierson.

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BMPA

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Bureau Motion Picture Affair

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OWI

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Office of War Information