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110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Frame/Still
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A single photographic image printed on a length of film
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Freeze-Frame
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A single frame repeated for an extended period of time making an image appear as a movie
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Persistance if Vision
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Allows motion pictures to be seen in continuous movement with no apparent jumps
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Aspect Ratio "Academic Aperture"
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Of a frame is the relationship of width to height of an image you see on screen
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Composition
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Arrangement of elements within a frame
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Foreground
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In front of where action occurs
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Background
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Behind where action occurs
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Shot/Take
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A single uninterrupted action of a camera
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Extreme Close Up
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Only small part of objects appears
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Close Up
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Only head appears
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Medium Close Up
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Shows a person from shoulders up
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Medium Shot
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Show subject from waist up
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Medium long shot
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Reveals 3/4 of subject
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Long Shot
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Person fills vertical line of frame
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Extreme Long Shot
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A person is visible but scenery dominates
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Establishing Shot
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Places objects in context and prepares a viewer for a closer look later
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Pan/Tilt
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Used to follow a horizontal action or sweep across a stationary scene
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Dolly In/Out
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Platform on wheels serving camera moves as a camera mount capable of movements. Object does not move
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Tracking Shot
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Includes any shot with a camera moving on trackss camera moves; object moves
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Zoom In/Out
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Smooth and continuously charging focal lengths from wide angle to telephoto
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Crane Shot
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Taken from a boom that can move vertically and horizontally at the same time
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Scene
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Series of shots with continuous action
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Sequence
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Shots and scenes make up a sequence related to location time, generating action, point of view, or cast
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Mise-en-scene
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Arranging films visual elements
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Wide-angle Lens Fish eye
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Lens with a shorter focal length, takes greater amount of area
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Long-Lens Telephoto
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Lens with greater power of magnification, effect moving closer
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Perspective (POV)
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The way objects appear to the eye in terms of their relative positions and distances
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Depth of Field
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Range of distances within focus
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Focus Through (rack focus)
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A change of focus within a shot caused by changing focus from a person or object to another previously out of focus
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Deep/Shallow Focus
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All the planes of the image (fore, middle, and background) remain in sharp focus, de-emphasizing the plane of action
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Soft/Sharp Focus
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A hazy but recognizable look to a scene, can idealize or romanti-cize a subject.
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Filters Day-for-Night
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Control tone or contrast either by removing certain light waves or by making a single color dominant
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Film Stock (Slow)
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Need more light to record an image than fast stock. Slow stock is appropriate for bright, well lighted conditions
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Film Stock (Fast)
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Requires Dim Light, offers a more even and polished image than fast stock, which appears grainy and contrasty
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Color Scheme
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a pattern of interrelated colors
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De Saturation
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seems bleached out color
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Saturation
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Approaches Pure Color
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Over Exposure
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film appears too bright
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Under Exposure
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Film seems to bright
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Negative Image
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Manipulation of film stock, black tones appear white on negatives
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Low Angle Shot
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Camera looks upward, sets subject against sky or ceiling
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High Angle Shot
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Camera aimed down toward the subject, makes move more slowly down
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Subjective Camera
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Camera adopts view of character
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Local Lighting
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Light source recogniz¬ably relates to the subject at hand
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Natural Lighting
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Usually from sun, changes constantly
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Artificial Lighting
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has fixed color properties that are highly predictable and consistent
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Key Light
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primary light illuminating a subject
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Fill Light
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Softens the shadows created by the key light
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Swish Pan
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Works as a transition, stationary camera, fast pan
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Low Key Lighting
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Heavily shadowed,heightens suspense and creates feelings of gloom and mystery
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High Key Lighting
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Bright, lighting is bright and relatively shadowless, creating happy moods
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Front Angles
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softens and blurs a face, flattening and taking away character while making a face seem more beautiful.
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Back Angles
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idealizes a face, while adding a feeling of depth by separating a subject from its background.
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Bottom Angle
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produces a sinister, evil appearance
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Top Angle
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provides a mood of freshness that often seems spiritualized
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Editor
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shapes and arranges shots, scenes, and sequences, putting together the pieces of the film into its final form.
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Rushes (Dailies)
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the first positive prints of takes
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Rough Cut
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an early edited version of the best takes
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Fine Cut
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a version much tighter than the rough cut and nearly ready for approval
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Final Cut
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last edited version
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Cutting (Editing)
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the process of joining together strips of film
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Cut or Cutting
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Cut and cutting, however, have other meanings: an individual strip of film consisting of a single shot, the separation of two pieces of action as an instantaneous "transition"
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Continuity
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Development of events, acknowledges visuals or sound together
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Cut!
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Order to end take
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Match Cut
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A cut that blends shots so carefully that the switch is unobtrusive and natural
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Jump Cut
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an unnatural jump in space or time
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Dissolve
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gradually merges two images by showing both shots simultaneously for a few seconds
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Fade-in
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restores light to the screen until a bright image arrives
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Fade-out
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shows the screen gradually dimming until it is black
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Wipe
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Image will disappear by being taken over by a new image
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Flip
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shows an image flipping as if someone turned over
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Iris
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gradually and softly darkens an image in a circular pattern from the edge of the frame until only a peephole remains visible
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Mask
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darkens areas of the screen for optical effects
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Swish Pan
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Stationary Camera, Fast Pan
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Split Screen
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two or more frames of action simultaneously, with the multifaceted action interrelated by being on the screen at the same time
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180-DEGREE rule
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Viewers also unconsciously expect all shots to be taken from one side of an imaginary line through the center of the action
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Thirty-degree rule
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each camera position varies from another by at least thirty degrees
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Reverse Angles
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an angle opposite the previous shot
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Look of Outward Regard
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A promised move to the left must be followed by the camera seeing what is on the left
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Reaction Shot
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A reaction shot cuts away from the main action to view a related minor part of what is going on
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Fast Motion
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Accelerated time, the camera is run slower than normal so it goes through the projector faster than normal, making an action take place faster
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Slow Motion
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decelerated time, Film is run through the camera at a rate faster than normal so that it will appear slower than usual when projected
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FLashback
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shots (or scenes) from the past inserted into present action (often used subjectively to suggest a memory)
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Flashforward
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forward in time
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Cross-Cutting
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moves the viewer between two parallel actions
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Montage
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juxtapositional principles of editing
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Superimposition (Double Exposure)
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display two images simultaneously, causing each to comment upon the other and often evoking an idea more significant than its two parts
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Synchronous
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simultaneously combines a visual image with the sounds apparently issuing from it
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Non-synchronous
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Hear voice in shot but other object in shot
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Diegetic
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Part of the movie world, characters could see them
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Non-diegetic
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Only things viewer can see, ex credits of movie
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Narrator
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either a character in a film or directly involved in its events
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Commentator
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provides the explanatory voice
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Voice-over
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Any spoken language not seeming to come from images on the screen
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Timbre
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the color or tone quality which enables sounds to harmonize-
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Pitch
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the "highness" or "lowness" of the sound
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Volume
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loudly or softly sound
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MOS
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refers to any segment of film taken without sound, Mid-out Sound
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Looping
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Re-record replacing specific lines of dialogue
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Dubbing
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Replacing entire dialogue track
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Counterpoints
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Audio and video conflict (cops and robbers with a love song)
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Auteur
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A director who's film is personal has the right to final cut
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Ambient Sound
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Sounds that contribute to the atmosphere or part of the natural surroundings
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Dialogue
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If a character is visible or in limits of the shot
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Narration
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Spoken language directed towards the theater audience
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Local Music
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In scene itself, can be heard by characters and audience
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Background Music
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tells audience how to respond to a films visuals,
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Sound Composite
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Final soundtrack of a film, putting together sounds in a mix
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Foley Artist
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Customized sounds to fit visuals on screen
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Counterpoint
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Non-synchronous sound with visual components
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