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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ovaries |
gonads of the female reproductive system |
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Follicles |
sac-like structures that make up the ovary (ovaries) |
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Oocyte |
immature egg cell |
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Follicular cells |
produce the female reproductive hormones |
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Fallopian tubes |
tubes in which the oocyte travels down to go to the uterus |
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Uterus |
muscular organ located between bladder and rectum |
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Perimetrium |
thin outer layer of connective tissue |
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Myometrium |
thick middle layer of smooth muscle |
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Endometrium |
constantly renewed by the monthly menstrual cycle |
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Cervix |
narrow inferior portion of the uterus |
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Vagina |
muscular tube that stretches from the cervix to the vulva |
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Ovarian cycle |
Follicle develops into an oocyte |
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Uterine cycle |
innermost layer of the endometrium thickens with blood vessels |
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Follicular phase |
one of the follicles will enlarge and begin to form an oocyte |
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Ovulation |
oocyte is released into the fallopian tubes |
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Luteal phase |
remaining follicular cells multiply and produce the glandular structure, the corpus luteum |
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Corpus luteum |
produces progesterone for about 12 days, then degenerates |
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Menses |
outer lining of the endometrium is released (Days 1-7) |
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Proliferative phase |
Arteries in my. spread throughout end. restoring blood supply. Epithelial cells multiply to replace lining lost during menses (Days 7-14) |
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Secretory phase |
corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone. uterine glands enlarge and begin to secrete substances to prepare for the attachment of a possible fertilized embryo. (if fert. does not occur, menses begins) (Days 14-21) |
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fertilization |
joining of a mature sperm and ovum |
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haploid |
meaning it only contains half of the normal number of chromosomes |
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meiosis |
produces four daughter cells that are genetically different and haploid |
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mitosis |
produces two genetically identical diploid daughter cells |
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spermatogenesis |
sperm stem cell undergoes mitosis, one copy remains in the seminiferous tubule and one begins to migrate towards the epididymis |
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oogenesis |
oocyte inside one of the woman's ovaries begins to mature and grow. Meiosis occurs, one daughter cell receives most of the cytoplasm. This becomes the oocyte. the other daughter cell becomes a nonfunctional polar body and is reabsorbed. |
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polar body |
nonfunctional daughter cell that is produced after a follicle undergoes meiosis |
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zygote |
the 23 chromosomes of the sperm and egg cell combine into one nucleus, forming a diploid |
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implantation |
zygote undergoes mitosis and continues dividing for 7 days and implants in the uterus |
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blastocyst |
a ball of about 100 cells that implants in the uterus |
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placenta |
blood barrier between mother and embryo |
