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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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TX for hypertension in pregnancy
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Labetolol (B-blocker)
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TX for hypertension in Diabetics
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Captopril (ACE inhibitor)
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TX for hypertension in blacks
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Thiazide diuretcis
Salt-sensitive HTN more common in African-American pts *but if also have DM, use ACE inhibitior |
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Colorectal cancer screening
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Annual fecal occult blood test +
No fam hx: colonoscopy at age 50 repeat: every 10years + fam hx: at 40, or 10 years less than age of youngest relative diagnosed (whichever is earlier) repeat: if normal, repeat in 3-5years |
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Impaired glucose tolerance level
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fasting: 110-126 mg/dL
2-hr post-prandial: 140-200 |
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What is the initial treatment for DM?
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3-6 month trial of diet, weight loss, and exercise.
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Which DM drug should be discontinued for hospitalized patients?
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Metformin: aggravates contrast-induced nephropathy in pts who need radiological studies.
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TX for Strep pharyngitis in pt with amoxicillin allergy
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Erythromycin
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What is a major risk factor for developing colorectal cancer?
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Smoking
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What pre-treatment do you give to patients before radio-ablation of hyperthyrodism?
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Methimazole: suppresses production of thyroid hormone
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What is the most common cardiac valve lesion in the US?
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Aortic stenosis
Cause in US: congenital bicuspid valve Cause in developing: rheummatic fever |
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Alpha-fetoprotein screens for?
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Hepatic carcinoma
Germ cell cancer of testes/ovaries |
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CA-125-5 screens for?
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Ovarian cancers
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CA-19-9 screens for?
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Pancreatic
Colorectal Bile duct |
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Neuron-specific enolase monitors for?
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Efficacy of TX for small cell lung cancer and neuroblastoma
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Beta-2 microglobulin level checked in?
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Multiple Myeloma
>2.7 in 75% of pts at time of DX |
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CA-15-3 used to monitor?
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Stage disease, monitor TX, and reoccurence in breast cancer
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What are the autonomic effects of poorly controlled glucose?
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Impotence
Nocturnal diarrhea Difficulty voiding Sweating Abnormal fullness after eating |
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What is B-type natriuretic peptide?
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Evaluares for presence of CHF.
<80 has a 99% negative predictive value and rules out CHF. |
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How do you distinguish between anorexia and bullimia?
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Bulimics have no control over eating during episodes of binging.
Anorexics have control. |
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Which drug best prevents relapses of acoholism?
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Acamprosate
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What is B-type natriuretic peptide?
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Evaluares for presence of CHF.
<80 has a 99% negative predictive value and rules out CHF. |
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What is B-type natriuretic peptide?
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Evaluares for presence of CHF.
<80 has a 99% negative predictive value and rules out CHF. |
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How do you distinguish between anorexia and bullimia?
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Bulimics have no control over eating during episodes of binging.
Anorexics have control. |
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How do you distinguish between anorexia and bullimia?
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Bulimics have no control over eating during episodes of binging.
Anorexics have control. |
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Which drug best prevents relapses of acoholism?
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Acamprosate
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Which drug best prevents relapses of acoholism?
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Acamprosate
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TX for laryngitis and pharyngitis
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Supportive. Its a virus.
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How long does regular insulin last and when does it peak?
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duration: 4-12 hours
peak: 2-3 hours after injection |
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Duration and peak of Aspart insulin?
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duration: 3-5 hours
peak: 30-60 mins after injection |
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Lantus insulin duration and peak
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duration: 24 hours
peak:4-8 hours after injection |
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Which insulin lasts the longest?
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Ultra-lente
24-32 hours |
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What are the symptoms of cocaine withdrawal?
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"the crash"
Extreme fatigue and signficiant depression |
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What does terminal hematuria indicate?
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bladder neck or prostatic urethral lesion
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Which lymphadenopathy is seen in infectious mono?
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Posterior chain adenopathy
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How can you DX Diabetes?
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1) 2 separate random glucose measurements >200 + classic signs of polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss.
2) fasting glucose >126 3) glucose >200 2 hours after 75g glucose load |
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How does stimulant TX for ADHD work?
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Reduce symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention by MOA of inhibiting reuptake of dopamine and nor-epinephrine.
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What is TX for psoriasis?
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Topical corticosteroids
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Most common reason for discontinuing COCs?
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Irregular bleeding that is common if first 3 months and then diminishes over time.
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Definition of acute diarrhea?
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↑ number of stool
↓ consistency of stool Lasting <14 days |
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TX for PTSD
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SSRIs
Sertraline Paroxetine |
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Difference of activity on Osteoarthritis and RA?
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Activity worsens OA
Activity helps RA |
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Prophylactic TX for migraines?
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TCAs amitryptyline
B-blockers propranolol |
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MOA of fibrates?
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Changes hepatic metabolism of fibrates.
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What are some bile-acid binding resins?
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Cholestyramine
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Which 2 drug groups of hyperlipidemia raise HDL?
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Niacin
Fibrates |
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When should mammograms be started?
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from Age 40, every 1-2 years
after 50, every year |
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Mechanism of biphosphonates for TX of Osteoporosis?
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Decrease osteoclastic activity via binding to hydroxyapatite
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Cause of bleeding in post-menopausal woman?
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Endometrial biopsy to rule out endometrial cancer
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What is the only serological marker for Hep B in the "window period"?
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Hep B core antibody
Anti-HBc |
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Which lab test is most sensitive for alcohol abuse?
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GGT
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Peak incidence of RSV bronchiolitis?
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All children by 2 years.
Most severe 1-3 months old. |
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TX for RSV bronchiolitis?
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Supportive care and/or hospitalize
Trial of beta-2 agonists Ribavirin still controversial NO steroids |
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Epiglottis
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Any age; more severe in kids
Sudden onset Expiratory stridor (late, bad sign) NO COUGH Tripod position with mouth open Thumb-print sign on X-ray d/t enlarged "cherry" epiglottis call ENT TX Intubate and Antibiotics |
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Coup
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6-12 months of age
Parainfluenza 1,2,3 Follows "cold" - ALWAYS cough Inspiratory stridor Steeple sign on X-ray TX cool mist Nebulized epinephrine Corticosteroids |
