Fa Biochemistry

Front 1

Which histone protein NOT IN the nucleosome?

Back 1

H1

Hint 1

Front 2

DNA - - - - - charge

Back 2

Phosphate groups

Front 3

Histone ++++++ charge

Back 3

Lysine + arginine

Hint 3

LYAR

Front 4

Back 4

Hint 4

Front 5

Back 5

Hint 5

Front 6

DNA METHYLATION

Back 6

Front 7

HISTONE METHYLATION

Back 7

Front 8

HISTONE ACETYLATION

Back 8

Hint 8

Front 9

NucleoSide

Back 9

Ribose + Sugar

Front 10

NucleoTide

Back 10

Ribose + sugar + phosphaTe

Front 11

Purines

Back 11

Adenine guanine

Hint 11

Front 12

Pyrimidines

Back 12

Cytosine - - uracil - - thymine

Hint 12

Front 13

Guanine - - cytosine

Back 13

3 H BONDS

Hint 13

Front 14

Adenine - - thymine

Back 14

2 H BONDS

Hint 14

2 AT ım var

Front 15

Methylation of uracil makes thymine

Back 15

THYmine has a meTHYl

Front 16

Amino acids necessary for PURINE synthesis

Back 16

Hint 16

Front 17

LEFLUNOMIDE

Back 17

Hint 17

Front 18

METHOTREXATE

Back 18

Hint 18

HUMANS

Front 19

TRIMETHOPRIME - - TMP

Back 19

Hint 19

BACTERIA

Front 20

PYRIMETHAMINE

Back 20

Hint 20

PROTOZOA

Front 21

5-FU - - - - CAPACITABINE

Back 21

Front 22

6-MP---AZATHIOPURINE

Back 22

Hint 22

Front 23

MYCOPHENOLATE - - RIBAVIRIN

Back 23

Hint 23

Front 24

HYDROXYUREA

Back 24

Front 25

Back 25

.

Front 26

ADENOSINE DEAMINASE (ADA) DEFICIENCY

Back 26

Autosomal recessive

Lymphotoxicity

SCID

Hint 26

Front 27

LESCH-NYAN SYNDROME

Back 27

HGPRT deficiency

X-linked

Hint 27

Front 28

LESCH-NYAN SYNDROME SYMPTOMS

Back 28

Front 29

LESCH-NYAN SYNDROME TREATMENT

Back 29

ALLOPURINOL

FEBUXOSTAT (2 ND LINE)

Hint 29

Front 30

1 amino acid 1 codon

Back 30

METHIONINE AUG

TRYPTOPHAN UGG

Front 31

HELICASE deficiency

Back 31

Front 32

IRINOTECAN - - TOPOTECAN

Back 32

inhibits TOPOISOMERASE 1

Eukaryotes

Front 33

ETOPOSIDE - - TENIPOSIDE

Back 33

inhibits TOPOISOMERASE 2

Eukaryotes

Front 34

FLUOROKINOLONES

Back 34

Inhibits TOPOISOMERASE 2 ( DNA GYRASE) and TOPOISOMERASE 4

Prokaryotes

Front 35

DNA POLYMERASE III

Back 35

Hint 35

Front 36

DNA POLYMERASE I

Back 36

Hint 36

Front 37

DNA LIGASE

Back 37

Front 38

TELOMERASE

Back 38

Hint 38

Front 39

mRNA STOP CODONS

Back 39

UAA - - - UAG - - - UGA

Hint 39

Front 40

mRNA START CODON

Back 40

AUG

Front 41

RNA PROCESSING

Back 41

Front 42

POLYADENYLATION SIGNAL

Back 42

AAUAAA

Front 43

RNA POLYMERASE I

Eukaryotes

Back 43

rRNA present only in NUCLEOLUS

Front 44

RNA POLYMERASE II

Eukaryotes

Back 44

mRNA

small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

opens DNA at promoter site

Front 45

RNA POLYMERASE III

Eukaryotes

Back 45

5SrRNA

tRNA

Front 46

Alfa-AMANITIN

Back 46

inhibits RNA POLYMERASE II

Front 47

Actinomycin D

Back 47

inhibits RNA POLYMERASE in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Front 48

Rifampin

Back 48

inhibits DNA DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE in prokaryotes

Front 49

SHORTEST PHASE of cell cycle ;

Back 49

M PHASE

Mitosis + cytokinesis

Front 50

PERMANENT cells

Back 50

Neurons

Skeletal muscle

Cardiac muscle

Red blood cells

Hint 50

Remain in G0

Front 51

STABLE (QUIESCENT)

Back 51

Hepatocytes

Lymphocytes

Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

Periosteal cells

Hint 51

Enter G1 from G0 when stimulated

Front 52

LABILE

Back 52

Bone marrow

Gut epithelium

Skin

Hair follicles

Germ cells

Hint 52

Never go to G0

Front 53

Back 53

.

Front 54

RICH IN ROUGH ER

Back 54

Mucus-secreting goblet cells of small intestine

Antibody secreting plasma cells

Front 55

RICH IN SMOOTH ER

Back 55

Liver hepatocytes

Steroid hormone producing cells of adrenal cortex

Gonads

Front 56

PEROXISOME

Back 56

Membrane-enclosed organelle involved in:

- β-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA)

- α-oxidation (strictly peroxisomal process)

- Catabolism of branched-chain fatty acids, amino acids, and ethanol

- Synthesis of cholesterol, bile acids, and plasmalogens (important membrane phospholipid, especially in white matter of brain)

Front 57

ZELLWEGER SYDROME

Back 57

PEX mutation

Autosomal recessive

Hint 57

Hypotonia

Seizures

Hepatomegaly

Early death

Front 58

REFSUM DISEASE

Back 58

Disorder of ALFA OXIDATION

Autosomal recessive

Hint 58

Phytanic acid NOT TO pristanic acid

Front 59

REFSUM DISEASE

Back 59

Scaly skin

Ataxia

Cataracts/night blindness

Shortening of 4th toe

Epiphyseal dysplasia

Hint 59

Treatment

Diet

Plasmapheresis

Front 60

ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY

Back 60

ABCDI gene mutation

X-linked recessive

Disorder of BETA OXIDATION

Hint 60

VLCFA build up in

Adrenal glands

White matter of brain

Testes

Front 61

I (inclusion) CELL DISEASE

Mucolipidosis Type II

Back 61

Failure of Golgi to phosphorylate mannose residues on GP

Front 62

KARTAGENER SENDROM

1 ciliary diskinesia

Back 62

Dynein arm defect

Hint 62

Autosomal recessive

Front 63

OUABAIN

Cardiac glycoside

Back 63

inhibits by binding to potassium site

Hint 63

Front 64

DIGOKSIN

DIGITOKSIN

Back 64

Direct inhibition of Na/K ATP ase

Hint 64

Front 65

Back 65

.

Front 66

OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

Back 66

COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene defects

Problem forming triple helix

Type 1 collagen

Autosomal dominant

Hint 66

Front 67

EHLER DANLOS CLASSICAL TYPE

Back 67

COL5A1 and COL5A2 mutation

Type V Collagen

Can be AD or AR

Hint 67

Front 68

EHLER DANLOS VASCULAR TYPE

Back 68

COL3A1 gene mutation

Type III procollagen

Hint 68

Front 69

MENKES DISEASE

Back 69

Defective MENKES protein (ATP7A)

impaired copper absorption and transport

Decreased activity of lysyl oxidase

XLR

Hint 69

Brittle kinky hair

Growth retardation

Hypotonia

Front 70

Alfa-1 antitrypsin

Back 70

inhibits ELASTASE - break down elastin

Front 71

Back 71

.

Front 72

Back 72

.

Front 73

CYSTIC FIBROSIS

Back 73

CFTR gene mut on chromosome 7

Commonly a deletion of Phe508

Front 74

CFTR Gene

Back 74

ATP gated Cl- channel

Secretes Cl- in lungs and GI tract

Reabsorbs Cl-in sweat glands

Front 75

CYSTIC FIBROSIS DIAGNOSIS

Back 75

Increased Cl- concentration in pilocarpine induced sweat test

Front 76

CYSTIC FIBROSIS NEWBORN SCREENING

Back 76

Increased immunoreactive trypsinogen

Front 77

TREATMENT IN PHE508 DELETION

Back 77

Front 78

X-LINKED RECESSIVE DISORDERS

Back 78

Hint 78

Front 79

DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY

Back 79

Dystrophin prt mutation

Frameshift del or nonsense mut

Loss of dystrophin myonecrosis

Increased CK and aldolase GSGNTST

Onset before 5 years of age

Dilated CMP common cause death

Hint 79

Front 80

GOWERS SIGN DMD

Back 80

Front 81

BECKER MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY

Back 81

Dystrophin gene mut

Non-frameshift del

Less severe than DMD

Onset in adolescence or early adulthood

Front 82

TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION DISEASES

Back 82

Hint 82

Front 83

TRINUCLEOTID REPEAT EXPANSION DISEASES CHART

Back 83

Front 84

GENETIC DISORDERS BY CHROMOSOME

Back 84

Front 85

Back 85

.

Front 86

EDWARDS SYDNROME TRISOMY 18

Back 86

Front 87

PATAU SYNDROME TRISOMY 13

Back 87

Front 88

Back 88

.

Front 89

CRI DU CHAT

Back 89

Front 90

WILLIAMS SYNDROME

Back 90

Front 91

ROBERTSONIAN TRANSLOCATION

Back 91

Chromosomal translocation

Commonly involves chromosome pairs 13. 14. 15. 21. 22

Front 92

FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Back 92

A. D. E. K.

Front 93

WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Back 93

Hint 93

Front 94

VITAMIN A - RETINOL DEFICIENCY

Back 94

Front 95

VITAMIN A - RETINOL EXCESS

Back 95

Front 96

RETIN-A

Back 96

Topically for wrinkles and acne

Front 97

ISOTRETINOIN

Back 97

Orally to treat severe cystic acne

Teratogenic

Front 98

all-TRANS RETINOIC ACID

Back 98

To treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)

Front 99

VITAMIN B1 - THIAMINE FUNCTION

Back 99

Front 100

VITAMIN B1- THIAMINE DEFICIENCY

Back 100

Front 101

GLUT-1

Back 101

RBC

Brain

Front 102

GLUT-2

Back 102

Liver

Kidney

Pancreatic beta cells

Front 103

GLUT-4

Back 103

Insulin dependent

Muscle

Adipose tissue