Extra Things To Know For Exam

Front 1

Ectoderm

Back 1

Brain, skin, nails, epithelium of the nose and teeth

Front 2

Endoderm

Back 2

Inner linings of the digestive and respiratory tract

Front 3

Mesoderm

Back 3

Muscles, circulatory and excretory systems of the body

Front 4

Fibronectins and laminins

Back 4

help connect the ECM components to the cells by binding with integrins in plasma membranes

Front 5

Hyalurinic acid

Back 5

Proteoglycan produced in large quantities during wound healing and is an important constituent of joint fluid where it serves as a lubricant

Front 6

Cell survival and cell proliferation

Back 6

Require interaction with ECM

Front 7

Components of ECM/Loose connective tissue

Back 7

Basal Lamina

Macrophage

Elastic and Collagen fibers

Mast cell

Fibroblasts

Capillary

GAGs

Front 8

Macrophage

Back 8

Removal of cell debris

Front 9

Mast cell

Back 9

anti-inflammatory response

Front 10

Fibroblast

Back 10

cells responsible for the synthesis of ECM, found in large numbers in connective tissue

involved in wound healing

Front 11

GAGs

Back 11

Glycosaminoglycans, a major component of joint cartilage, joint fluid and other soft connective tissues

Front 12

Sweat Glands

Back 12

Found in axilla (armpit) or perianal area

Located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous fat, from which a straight portion inserts and secretes into the hair follicle

Apocrine - pinched off and released from apex

Front 13

Sebaceous glands

Back 13

On either side of follicle

beneathe sebum

Front 14

Skin layers

Back 14

Epidermis

Dermis

Subcutis (hypodermis)

Vein and artery

Front 15

Dense irregular connective tissue

Back 15

symphysis pubis joint

Front 16

Cartilage

Back 16

Elastic: ear, epiglottis

Hyaline: trachea rings, joint surface of bone, larynx

Fibrocartilage: symphysis pubis joint - shock absorbing qualities

Function: cushion, support

(bone function: protection, support)

Front 17

Reticular Fibers

Back 17

Special type of collagen fibers found in spleen and lymph node

Front 18

Haversian Canal

Back 18

Blood vessels, nerves, connective tissue

Front 19

Canaliculi

Back 19

Small canal allowing for nutrients to travel between lacunae

Front 20

Loose Fibrous

Back 20

Under skin, in muscle

nourishment, stretch

Front 21

Dense fibrous

Back 21

pulling/pushing forces

Front 22

Cell body

Back 22

aka soma

contains nucleus

Front 23

axon

Back 23

transmits nerve impulse away from the cell body

Front 24

dendrites

Back 24

transmit nerve impulse toward the cell body and axon

Front 25

myelin

Back 25

substance rich in lipids and proteins that forms layers around the nerve fibers and acts as insulation

Front 26

Causes of low platelet count

Back 26

autoimmune diseases: produce antibodies to platelets

genetic disorders e.. hemophilia

chemotherapy, leukemia, viral infections

Front 27

Human normal platelet count

Back 27

150-450,000 platelets/mL blood

Front 28

Neutrophils

Back 28

62%

Phagocytosis of bacteria and cellular debris

Front 29

Eosinophils

Back 29

2.3%

Break down blood clots and kill parasites

Front 30

Basophils

Back 30

0.4%

Synthesize heparin and histamine

Front 31

Lymphocytes

Back 31

30%

produce antibodies

Front 32

Monocytes

Back 32

5.3%

phagocytosis as macrophage in liver, spleen, lungs, lymph nodes

Front 33

Dilutions

Back 33

1.6% saline - shriveled

0.85% saline - isotonic

.43% saline - swelled

Front 34

Auricles

Back 34

Earlike appendage of each atrium of the heart (pectinate muscle)

Front 35

Sympathetic fibers of the heart

Back 35

arise from segments t2 and t4 of the spinal cord

distributed through the middle cervical and crevice thoracic ganglia and the 1st 4 ganglia of the thoracic sympathetic chain

Front 36

Electrocardiogram

Back 36

Graphic record of the heart's electrical activity (conduction impulse)

Front 37

Chloride Concentration Procedure

Back 37

Place 10 drops of urine + 1 drop K2CrO4

Add AgNO3 till red-brown

AgNO3 reacts with Cl to precipitate AgCl

Excess AgNo3 reacts with K2CrO4 to form Ag2CrO4

Front 38

Urine Flow

Back 38

Vol (mL)/60min

Front 39

Specific Gravity

Back 39

Temperature - 15 = A

A/3 *.001 = B

B + Urinometer reading = specific gravity

Front 40

NaCl Content

Back 40

NaCl x Urine Vol x (1L/100mL)

Front 41

All epithelium

Back 41

Are tight, have little ECM

Have 1 free surface (apical surface)

rests on basement membrane

frequent cell division

avascular

Front 42

olfactory epithelium

Back 42

nose

Front 43

Functions of squamous

Back 43

diffusion, filtration, secretion

Front 44

Cuboidal functions

Back 44

secretion and absorption

Front 45

Columnar functions

Back 45

absorption, secretion of mucus, surface area (microvilli)

Front 46

Nonciliated pseudo stratified epithelium

Back 46

found lining part of the male urethra and ducts of large glands

Front 47

ciliated pseudo stratified epithelium

Back 47

found in trachea, primary bronchi and in most of the upper respiratory tract

Front 48

Sedimentation rate is increased in

Back 48

acute general infections, malignancy, arthritis, anemia and also pregnancy

Front 49

Purple Top

Back 49

Our blood

EDTA - Anticoagulant

Front 50

Red Top

Back 50

0 preservative

coagulated blood

Front 51

Enzyme which breaks down clots

Back 51

Plasmin

Front 52

EDTA

Back 52

anti-coagulant which binds calcium

Front 53

phrenicopericardial ligament

Back 53

pericardium to the sternum and diaphragm

Front 54

visceral pericardium

Back 54

covers the surface of the heart

Front 55

parietal pericardium

Back 55

covers the inner surface of the parietal sac

Front 56

diastole

Back 56

blood flows from right atrium into the right ventricle

heart is relaxed

Front 57

systole

Back 57

heart begins to contract

ventricular pressure increases