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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What's the difference between an experimental hypothesis and a non-experimental hypothesis? |
an experimental hypothesis = causation non-experimental hypothesis = correlation |
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operational definition |
specifies the precise meaning of a variable within an experiment; defines variable in terms of observable operations, procedures, and measurements |
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experimental operational definition |
explain the precise meaning of the independent variables; describe exactly what was done to create the various treatment conditions of the experiment |
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measured operational definition |
describe exactly what procedures we follow to assess the impact of different treatment conditions |
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hypothetical constructs |
concepts that can't be observed directly so in order to operationalize, we must find some observable characteristic to associate it with |
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non-construct variables |
can be directly observed, so must be defined in terms of measurement |
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reliability |
consistency, dependability |
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interrater |
have different observers measure the same thing; their agreement on measurement |
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odd-even |
relating scores on odd-numbered objects with scores on even-numbered objects |
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split-half |
divide into 2 random halves; compute coefficient of reliability between the two halves |
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test-retest |
comparing scores of people who have been tested multiple times; should be consistent |
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validity |
if we are actually studying what we intended to study |
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content validity |
does content of our measure accurately reflect the content of what we are measuring? |
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face validity |
use standard measuring device |
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Concurrent validity |
do scores on measure correlate with scores from a different kind of measure of the same thing? |
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predictive validity |
do our procedures give us the info that leads us to predict future behaviors? |
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construct validity |
most important; transition from theory to research application |
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8 threats to internal validity |
1. maturation 2. regression to the mean 3. selection 4. selection by maturation interaction 5. mortality 6. instrumentation 7. testing 8. history |
