Exam 4 Microbiology; Skin

Front 1

Epidermis is composed of

Back 1

• Primary: Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum granulosum
• Secondary: Stratum spinosum
• Tertiary: Stratum busale
  

Front 2

Resident Skin Flora

Back 2

• Diphtheroids
• Propionibacterium acnes
• Corynebacterium
• S. epidermidis
  
• Anaerobic GPC
• Aerobic GNR
• Cadida
  
• Malazessia
  

Front 3

Frequent Temporary Skin Flora

Back 3

• S. aureus
• S. pyogenes
  

Front 4

Infrequent Temporary Skin Flora

Back 4

• H. influenza
  
• P. aeruginosa
• B. anthracis
• F. tularensis
• M.marium
• Clostridia spp
• Fungi
• Herpes
• Wart-Causing Viruses
  

Front 5

Normal Flora on skin helps to

Back 5

• Inhibit growth of pathogens
• metabolize sweat gland secretions
• abundant in moist areas
• adhere to squamous epithelial cells
• dryness of S. corneum and low pH unsuitable for most organisms

Front 6

Excessive Moisture infection

Back 6

• Chromobacterium violaceum
• Shewanella putrefaciens (Foot rot)
  

Front 7

Burn infections are caused by

Back 7

disruptions of homeostasis:

• loss of body water/dehydration/kidney malfunction/shock
• Associated with bacteremia; interferes with healing
  

Front 8

Burn Infection/Bacteremia

Back 8

• Pseudomonas
• S. aureus
• Grp A strept
• Enterobacteriaceae
• S. epidermidis
• Candida
• Aspergillus
  

Front 9

First degree burn

Back 9

only epidermal layers (sun burn)

Front 10

Second degree burn

Back 10

epidermal/dermis: skin regeneration is possible

Front 11

Third degree burn

Back 11

• regeneration only possible from edges extensive scar tissue
• restriction of movement
  

Front 12

Necrosis

Back 12

anaerobic condition promote anaerobic infections

Front 13

Lymphangitis

Back 13

• Beta-hemolytic Strept Grp A
  
• sometime C and G

Front 14

Scarlet Fever

Back 14

"Erythrogenic Factor"

S.pyogenes

Front 15

Scalded Skin Syndrome (Ritter's Disease)

Back 15

S. aureus

Front 16

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Back 16

S. aureus

Front 17

Toxic epidermal necrolysis/exfoliation seperates the epidermis

Back 17

Scalded Skin Syndrome

Front 18

Define pyoderma

Back 18

purulent pus forming

Front 19

Define dermatitis

Back 19

inflammation of skin

Front 20

Pyoderma

Back 20

• Impetigo
• Erysipelas
• Cellulitis
• Furuncle/Carbuncle
• Paronychia
  

Front 21

Types of Dermatitis

Back 21

• Pyoderma
• Dermatophytes
• Erythrasma
  
• Intertrigo/Superficial Candidasis
  

Front 22

Virulence factors of skin infections

Back 22

• Enzymes
• Hyaluronidase acid (destroys connective tissue)
• Streptokinase (fibrinolysis)
• Catalase
• Coagulase
• Beta-lactamase
• Leukocidin/Proteases/Lipase/DNAses

Front 23

Toxins virulence factors

Back 23

• Hemolysins
• Streptolysin
• Erythrogenic toxin
• Exfoliative Toxin (SSS)
• Toxic shock toxin (TSS)
• Enterotoxin
  

Front 24

Nonbollous Impetigo

Back 24

• Impetigo contagiosa
• Strept Grp A
• Honey colored candy crust
  

Front 25

Bollus Impetigo

Back 25

• S. aureus
• Large thin walled bullae
• Pemphigusneonatorum
  

Front 26

Dermatophytes

Back 26

Tinea capitis

Tinea versicolor

Front 27

Erysipela

Back 27

• St. Antony's Fire
• Painful "fiery red" edematous
• butterfly lesions
• S. pyogenes
• Strept C and G
  

Front 28

Painful Purple inflamed , No pus

GPR beaded

alpha hemolytic

Resistant to vancomycin

Facultative anaerobe

Non-spore forming

Non-motile

H2S/Cat+/Indole =

Back 28

E. rhusiopathiae

Front 29

Cellulitis is caused by

Back 29

• Grp A strept
• S. aureus
• HIB (children)
• P. multicoda (animal bites)
  

Front 30

Define Cellulitis

Back 30

inflammation of cellular tissue/pus-producing, loose connective tissue

Front 31

Folliculitis caused by

Back 31

• S. aureus
• GNR (Proteus)
• P. aeruginosa (hot tubs)
  

Front 32

Inflammation of hair follicles

Back 32

Folliculitis

Front 33

Extensive invasive folliculitis

Back 33

furuncle

Front 34

Furuncle caused by

Back 34

S. aureus

Front 35

Hidradentitis suppurativa

Back 35

staph invasion of sweat glands (resistant to treatment)

Front 36

Cluster of furuncles (neck/upper back)

Back 36

S. aureus

Front 37

Treatment for Furuncle/Carbuncle

Back 37

Furuncle: Spontaneous or surgical lancing

Carbuncle: oral antibiotic 10 days before draining

Front 38

Paronychia acute

Back 38

S. aureus

Front 39

Paronychia chronic

Back 39

candida (dish washing)

Front 40

Define Paronychia

Back 40

superficial infection of nail folds

Front 41

Whitlow bacterial

Back 41

S. aureus

Front 42

Whitlow virus

Back 42

Herpes simplex

Front 43

Soft Tissue Infection

Back 43

Diabetic Foot infection: necrosis

Gangrene: Clostridia alpha toxin

Mycetoma: chronic fungi/Actinomyces

Chromblastomycosis: fungi: F. pedrosoi

Front 44

Systemic Fungal Infection: Candida

Back 44

Erythematous maculopapular pustular nodular rash

Front 45

Systemic fungal infection: dimorphic

Back 45

• S. scheneckii
• H. capsulatum
• B. dermatiditis
• C. immitis
• Aspergillus/Zygomycetes/Fusarium

Front 46

M. tuberculosis

Back 46

lupus vulgaris

circumscribed red-brown plaques on head and neck

Front 47

M. lepare

Back 47

circumscribed hypopigmented sometimes hyperpigmented macule

Front 48

Swimmer's itch

Back 48

Helminths; papular eruption

Front 49

Larva currens

Back 49

Strongyloides

Front 50

"ground itch"/"creeping eruption"

Back 50

Hookworm

Front 51

Lesihmania

Back 51

painless papules enlarge may ulcerate

Front 52

Ectoparasites

Back 52

• Lice
  
• Mites
• Fleas
• Chiggers
• Bedbugs
  

Front 53

Lyme disease/Erythema migrans

Back 53

Borrelia burgdorferi

Front 54

Syphilis

Back 54

Treponema pallidum

Front 55

Erythema nodosum/Erythema multiforme

Back 55

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 56

Specimen for superficial wound

Back 56

aspiration of pus/irrigation

Front 57

Specimen for deep wound

Back 57

deep aspirate/biopsy (purulent/necrotic tissue)

Front 58

Specimen for deep lesions

Back 58

• exposed to surface go deep
• surgical debridement: remove dead tissue
• Use two swabs if necessary
  

Front 59

Viral media

Back 59

• CPE (rare)
• PCR
• Serology