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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What the term recombinant DNA mean?
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Engineered or altered DNA; combining DNA sequences which would not normally occur together and introduced into an already existing genome
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What a restriction endonuclease and how does it work?
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A restriction enzyme that cut specific DNA sequences. This is often done at palendromes in the DNA.
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Examples of use and advantages of recombinant DNA for the production of human proteins (understand how it is useful - do not have to memorize)
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Insulin, Human growth factor, human blood clotting factor.
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What are transgenic animals?
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Animals that you introduce a gene into so the new gene makes a foreign protein or overexpress a gene.
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What is the usefulness of transgenic and knockout (null mutant) animals for biomedical research?
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Transgenic animals looks at the function of a gene if it is added; knockout looks at the result if a gene is removed.
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How does PCR work and what is it used for?
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Heat strands to seperate and add DNA polymerase to add base pairs. Do this multiple times to increase DNA exponentially.
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What is the difference between genomic and cDNA libraries?
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Genomic libraries include the entire genome while cDNA libraries only include what is transcribed to mRNA (no introns).
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What does SNP and RFLP stand for?
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SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism and RFLP = Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
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How can polymorphism be detected, and how it can change the properties of an individual’s proteins?
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Southern (DNA), Northern (RNA), and Western (Protien) blots
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What does geneomics stand for and what are its advantages and limitations?
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Genomics is the study of the entire genome. Advantages are that we have tons of information, but the major disadvantage is that we don't know what to do with all the information.
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What does proteomics stand for and what are its advantages and limitations?
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Proteomics is the study of all protiens present. While its advantage is you may be able to see all protiens, the major disadvantage is we don't know what they all do in the cell
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What does metabolomics stand for and what are its advantages and limitations?
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Metabolomics is the study of all metabolites present. While its advantage is you may be able to see all metabolites, the major disadvantage is we don't know what they all do in the cell
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Compare and contract genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome
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Genome = all DNA
Transcriptome = all mRNA Proteome = all proteins Metabolome = all metabolites |
