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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sacculation is charactaristic feature of...
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the large intestine
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the upper portion of the duodenum has numerous clusters of mucous cells called...
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brunner's glands
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insulin is secreted by which type of pancreatic cells?
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beta cells
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carboxypeptidase is an __________ pancreatic enzyme
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inactive
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the most common activator for pancreatic enymes is
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trypsin
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what stimulates the stomach to secrete hydrochloric acid?
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gastrin
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bile is made of...
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fatty acids & cholesterol
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what artery provides vascularization to the cecum and appendix?
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iliocolic artery
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dilation of rectal veins are called....
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hemorroids
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what is an active proteolytic enzyme with a precursor secreted by chief cells?
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pepsin
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is aldosterone a mineralocortioid or a glucocorticoid?
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mineralocorticoid
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What is secreted in urine
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urea, calcium, phosphates,sodium, water
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the left colic artery is a branch of which artery?
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Inferior mesenteric artery
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during chronic stress the body secretes.....
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corticosteroids
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what forms the renal pyramids?
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collecting tubules
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the superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein to form the ....
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hepatic vein
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the round ligament of liver was the________________ before birth
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left umbilical vein
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the common bile duct joins with the main pancreatic duct to form the
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ampulla of vater
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rugae are features of the
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stomach
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parsympathetic stimulation to the stomach leads to
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increased HCL secretion
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the styloglossus muscsle is innervated by which cranial nerve?
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CN XII
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A digestive enzyme found in saliva is....
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amylase
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what type of epithelium forms the mucosa of the esophagus?
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stratified squamous epithelium
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the muscle layer of the stomach has____ layers
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3
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epigastric pain is relieved upon eating in...
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a gastric ulcer
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the main source of blood supply to the stomach is
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the celiac trunk
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what converts pepsinogen into pepsin?
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HCl
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responsible for the majority of gastric ulcer cases is
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H.pylori
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a cell that secretes 5 hydroxytryptamine is
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enterochromaffin cell
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gastric cancer tends to occur in the...
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greater curvature
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what stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder?
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1 presence of fat in stomach or duodenum
2 enterogastrone reflex |
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the smallest lobe of the liver is the
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caudate lobe
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hepatic veins drain blood into the...
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IVC
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a hypoglycemic agent
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insulin
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hepatocytes secrete
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1 bile
2 cholesterol 3 albumin 4 prothrombin |
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insulin is secreted by
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beta cells
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capsule of glisson is part of the...
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liver
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majority of gallstones are made of
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cholesterol
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a powerful proteolytic enzyme
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amylase
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porta hepatis does not have
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hepatic veins
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blood in renal vein drains into the
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IVC
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the renal cortex houses
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glomeruli
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most toxins in the blood are retained for release into the urine at the _________ of the nephron
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convoluted tubules
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urine in the renal plevis drains immediately in the
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ureter
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the kidney secretes...
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erythropoietin & renin
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kidney stone is typically the size of
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a grain of rice
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the urethra is connected to
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the urinary bladder
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the renal artery is a branch of the
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abdominal aorta
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the superior pole of the right kidney is in contact with the
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liver
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collecting tubules form the
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renal pyramids
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most common renal disease is
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pyelonephritis
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the________ kidney is higher
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left
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a normal individual has how many nephrons?
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one million
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the most common waste product in urine is
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urea
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promotes the formation of kidney stones
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protein intake
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renal veins drain into the
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IVC
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a hormone that influences the function of the kidney
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antidiuretic hormone
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normally released in urine
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sodium chloride
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________ are not found in the adrenal glands
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parasympathetic fibers
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chronic stress increases secretion of
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cortisol
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layers of the adrenal cortex
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zona reticularis
zona fasciculata zona glomerulosa |
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hormone relased in acute stress
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adrenalin (epinephrine/norepinephrine_
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what type of gland is the adrenal gland?
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endocrine gland
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adrenal glands has:
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capsule
cortex medulla |
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adrenal gland regulates
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1 electrolyte balance
2 carb metabolism 3 protein metabolism 4 fat metabolism 5 ph balance |
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superior part of stomach is
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fundus
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attached to the greater curvature is
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the greater omentum
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primary source of blood supply to the stomach is
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the celiac trunk
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the innermost muscular layer of the stomach is the
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oblique
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intrinsic factor is secreted by which gastric cell
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parietal cells
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in the presence of acid, which enzyme is formed?
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pepsin
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Defiency of __________ leads to pernicious anemia
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Vitamin b12
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sympathetic stimulation to the stomach leads to
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decreased peristalsis
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which gastric secretion can regulate the diameter of gastric blood vessels?
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5 hydroxytryptamine (seratonin)
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parasympathetic nerves to the stomach are found in
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the vagus nerve
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the angular incisure is found in the _______ curvature of the stomach
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lesser
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gastrin trigger the release of
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HCl
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a hyperglycemic agent
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glucagon
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normal blood glucose level
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90mg/100ml
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largest and heaviest organ of body
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liver
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hepatic veins are not found in the _________,they begin in the liver and drain into the _________
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porta hepatis
IVC |
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rotaion of pancreas =
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270 degrees
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inuslin is a ______ agent, brings blood sugar____
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hypoglycemic
down |
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glucagon is ________ agent, it brings blood sugar _____
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hyperglycemic
up |
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blood sugar <60 =
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hypoglycemic
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blood sugar > 200
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diabetic
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blood supply of liver
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celiac trunk
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blood supply of pancreas
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celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery
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In the ______ sympathetic controls mucous secretion and parasympathetic controls acid secretion
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stomach
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In the _______ the sympathetic controls acid secretion and the parasympathetic controls mucous secretion
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duodenum
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more lymph node aggregation in the ____ thand the _____ because ther bacteria is full blown in the _____
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ileum
jejunum ileum |
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what are the bacteria in the ileum called?
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e.coli
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vagus nerve ends at the
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transverse colon
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A CARDIA
AB FUNDUS AC BODY AD LESSER CURVATURE AE ANGULAR INCISURE B CARDIAC INCISURE BC PYLORIC SPHINCTR BD PYLORIC CANAL BE PYLORIC ANTRUM C ESOPHAGUS CA GREATER CURVATURE |
LABEL
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A IVC
AB LEFT LOBE AC CAUDATE LOBE AD RIGHT LOBE AE PORTAL VEIN B GALLBLADDER BC COMMON BILE DUCT C QUADRATE LOBE CE HEPATIC ARTERY D FALCIFORM LIGAMENT |
LABEL
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A RENAL PYRAMID
AB RENAL PELVIS AC URETER B RENAL CAPSULE BC MINOR CALYX C MAJOR CALYX CD PAPILLA D RENAL SINUS DE RENAL COLUMN E RENAL CORTEX |
LABEL
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A HAUSTRA
AB DESCENDING COLON AC TRANSVERSE COLON AD ASCENDING COLON AE APPENDIX B APPENDICES EPIPLOICEA BC RECTUM BD TENIA COLI C CECUM D SIGMOID COLON E ILEUM |
LABEL
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