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28 Cards in this Set
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Antigen |
(Ag) any substance that triggers an immune response -Subsance WBC identifies as "Nonself", usually proteins, located on the surface of a pathogen, different pathogens tend to have different antigens on their surfaces |
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Pathogen
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Colonize your body (disrupt homeostasis) Take your Nutrients Give off Poisons Ex. Botulism Must be kept out or destroyed |
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Antibiotics |
Do Not affect immune system directly, kill or slow of bacteria, long enough for immune system to activate the B+T cells, Do nothing work against viral infections |
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Antibody |
Specific Y-shaped protein produced by WBCs (mature into Plasma Cells), Each antibody binds only to one specific binding site (antigen), uses Lock+Key, can distinguish between subtle differences between antigens |
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Humoral Immunity |
protects against pathogens that are located outside cells Use Antibodies Produced B cells mature into plasma cells Antibodies found in Extracellular fluids ( blood plasma, Lymph, mucus) surface of B Cells |
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Cell-Mediated Immunity |
Protects against pathogens that invade the inside of your cells (viruses, etc) Uses cytoxic t-cells to destroy infected cells |
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Spleen |
Filters blood, site where pathogens in blood and WBCs can easily mingle Remove of aged and defective RBCs, Iron salvaging Reservoir for New RBCs |
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lymph Nodes |
Filters Lymph, Site where pathogens in Lymph and WBCs can easily mingle |
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Bone Marrow |
where WBCs are produced Where B cells mature |
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Thymus |
where T cells mature |
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Inflammation |
A general response that can take care of most simple pathogens
(redness, swelling, warm, tenderness/pain) |
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Interferon |
produced by cells that are infected by a virus, Infected cells cannot be saved but try to protect others, Serves as a warning signal that slows down the progress of an infection to allow time for 3rd line of defense to respond
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Macrophage+Neutrophil |
cells that engulf pathogens ex. phagocytes
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Immune Response |
cells with specifically target the exact pathogen that is invading the body , Body can remember the specific pathogen and mount a stronger and faster response the second time the pathogen invades
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Lymphocyte |
White blood cell
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B Cell |
Match between the B-Cell receptors (antibody) and free antigen Chemical Signal IL-2 produced by activated Th Cells
B Lymphocytes |
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T Cell |
Match between TCR (MHC cell)+ MHC class 2 Antigen complex on APC IL-1 Produced by APC |
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Helper T Cells |
(Th) can only recognize one type of antigen |
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Cytotoxic T Cells |
Responsible for destroying infected Cells and tumor cells Organ rejection |
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Clonal Selection |
When a particular antibody binds to an invading antigen that body will "place an order" for more copies of that exact kind of antibody |
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Phagocytosis
ex. macrophages+ neutrophils |
Cells that engulf Pathogens |
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ABO Blood Groups |
RBCs have different antigens on their surface, your immune system will ignore the antigen found on your body's RBCs but will mount an immune response against and other antigen |
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Rh Factor |
Rhesus Factor Rh+ : have antigen Rh- : No antigen, but will produce the antibody if they "see" the Rh factor |
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Active Immunity |
your body sees the pathogen, mounts the immune system, keep the memory cells , retain the immunological memory (secondary response) Natural=developed after exposure Induced= administration (vaccination) |
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Passive Immunity |
Somebody sees pathogen, somebody else mounts the immune response, somebody else retains the immunological memory (secondary) , next time you see pathogen body mounts the primary response Natural= transfer from mother B-Milk Artificial= immunoglobulin shot |
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Vaccination |
Cells can remember pathogens so the next time they see the same pathogen, the response will be stronger and faster |
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Primary Immune Response |
Triggered by 1st exposure to antigen 5-7days, slower response, less AB produced |
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Secondary Immune |
Triggered by 2nd (or later) exposure to same (Ag) 1-2 days, faster response, More Ab produced, caused by memory B/T cells |
