Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Freckles
|
Small pigmented areas on relatively pale skin- have irregular border- represent areas serviced by melanocytes that produce larger than average amount of melanin
|
|
|
Legintos
|
Similar to freckles but have regular borders and contain abnormal melanocytes
|
|
|
Senile Legintos
|
Variably pigmented areas that develop on sun-exposed skin in older people with pale skin
|
|
|
Jaundice
|
Causes the liver to be unable to execrate bile- yellowish pigment accumulates in body fluids- skin and whites of the eyes
|
|
|
MSH
|
Some tumors affecting the pituitary gland result in secretion of large amounts of this hormone- causes darkening of the skin
|
|
|
Addison's Disease
|
Pituitary gland secretes large amounts of ACTH
|
|
|
ACTH
|
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone- structurally similar to MSH and causes the same effects as MSH
|
|
|
Dermatitis
|
Inflammation of the skin that primarily involves the papillary later- begins in a part of the skin exposed to infection or irritated by chemicals, radiation, or mechanical stimuli- can cause no discomfort, a slight itch, or a lot of pain
|
|
|
Admin. of Transdermal Drugs
|
Useful technique for long term drug administration- placement of sticky drug-containing patch over an area of thin skin
|
|
|
Baldness and Hirsuitism
|
B- affects the top of the head and forehead first- bald individuals have genetic susceptibility triggered large quantities of male sex hormones
H- hair growth on women that occurs in patterns generally characteristics of men |
|
|
Folliculitis and Acne
|
Produced by the presence of bacteria in sebaceous glands or follicles
|
|
|
Synthetic Skin
|
Skin grafts are used if large areas of skin have been completely destroyed- pieces of undamaged skin from other areas of the body are patched onto the burn area
|
|
|
Allograft
|
Contamination is prevented- skin from a frozen cadaver is placed over the wound as a temporary method of sealing the damaged surface
|
|
|
Integra
|
Special synthetic skin made from dermis made from collagen from cows and/or a silicon polymer covered by a layer of dead or alive human epidermal cells.
|
|
|
Acne
|
Acne- occurs in people with larger than average sebaceous glands- when ducts of the these glands become blocked, their secretions accumulate and bacteria colonizes the area
|
|
|
Vitigilo
|
Causes individuals to lose their melanocytes- suspected that the disease develops when the immune defenses malfunction and antibodies attack normal melanocytes- causes cosmetic problems
|
|
|
Contact Dermatitis
|
Generally occurs in response to strong chemical irritants and produces an itchy rash that may spread to other areas- ex: poison ivy
|
|
|
Diaper Rash
|
A localized dermatitis caused by a combination of moisture, irritating chemicals from fecal or urinary wastes, and flourishing microorganisms
|
|
|
Eczema
|
Also called atopic dermatitis, can be triggered by temp changes, fungi, chemical irritants, greases, detergents, or stress- hereditary factors, environmental factors, or both can promote its development
|
|
|
ERysipelas
|
Widespread inflammation of the dermis cause by bacterial infection
|
|
|
Folliculitis
|
Produced by the presence of bacteria in sebaceous glands or follicles
|
|
|
Furnucle
|
Forms if the duct of a sebaceous gland becomes blocked- also called a boil- treatment is to cut open and let drain
|
|
|
Pruritis
|
Irritating itching sensation commonly associated with a variety of skin conditions
|
|
|
Psoriasis
|
Stem cells in the stratum germinativum are unusually active causing hyperkeratosis often on the scalp, elbows, palms, soles, groin, or nails- with this condition, cells divide every day and a half- is painless and controllable but not curable
|
|
|
Skin signs
|
Measurable, visible abnormalities of the skins surface
|
|
|
Uticaria
|
Extensive allergic response to a food, drug, insect bite, infection, stress, or some other stimulus- also can be called wheals or hives
|
|
|
Xerosis
|
Dry skin
|
|
|
Hetertopic bone
|
Dermal bones forming in abnormal locations- form in odd places like eyes or testes
|
|
|
Pituitary growth failure
|
Inadequate production of growth hormone leads to reduced cartilage and abnormally short bones
|
|
|
Giantism
|
Overproduction of growth hormones before puberty
|
|
|
Acromegaly
|
Condition caused by excess secretion of growth hormone after puberty- skeletal abnormalities develop, the cartilages and various small bones
|
|
|
Marfan's syndrome
|
Very tall people with long, slender limbs due to excessive cartilage formation
|
|
|
Hyperostosis
|
Excessive bone formation
|
|
|
Osteopetrosis
|
The total mass of the skeleton gradually increases as a result of a decrease in osteoclast activity- remodeling stops, and the shape of the bones gradually change
|
|
|
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
|
Affects the organization of collagen fibers-osteoblast function is impaired, growth is abnormal, and in severe forms the bones are very fragile. Leading to repeated fractures and progressive skeleton deformation
|
|
|
Paget's Disease
|
Gradual deformation of the skeleton- produces areas of acute osteoporosis and abnormal matrix proteins
|
|
|
Craniostenosis
|
Premature closure of one or more fontanels, which can lead to unusual distortions of the skull and brain damage
|
|
|
Microcephaly
|
An undersized head resulting from genetic or developmental abnormalities
|
|
|
Deviated Nasal Septum
|
Bent nasal septum that slows or prevents sinus drainage
|
|
|
Kyphosis
|
Normal thoracic curvature becomes exaggerated posteriorly- produces a round back appearance
|
|
|
Lordosis
|
“Sway back”- both abdomen and buttocks protrude abnormally- anterior lumbar curvature
|
|
|
Scoliosis
|
Abnormal lateral curve of the spine- can occur in multiple vertebrae
|
|
|
Sinusitis
|
Produces inflammation of the mucous membrane of nasal cavity- as swelling occurs, passageways narrow and drainage of mucous slows, causing headaches and head pressure.
|
|
|
Spina Bifida
|
A condition resulting from the failure of the vertebral laminae to untie during development- commonly associated with developmental abnormalities of the brain and spinal cord
|
|
|
TMJ Syndrome
|
Painful condition resulting from a misalignment of the mandible at the temporomandibular joint
|
|
|
Whiplash
|
An injury caused by displacement of the cervical vertebrae during a sudden change in body position
|
|
|
Carpal Tunnel
|
Resulting from compression of the median nerve at the wrist where it passes deep to the flexor retinaculum in company with the flexor tendons
|
|
|
Congenitive Talipes Equniovarus
|
A congential deformity affecting one or both feet- develops secondary to abnormalities in muscular development
|
|
|
Flatfeet
|
The loss or absence of a longitudinal arch
|
|
|
Bursitis
|
Inflammation of the bursa, causing pain whenever the associated tendon or ligament moves
|
|
|
Bunion
|
The most common pressure-related bursitis, involving a tender nodule formed around bursae over the base of the great toe
|
|
|
Shoulder Separation
|
The partial or complete dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint
|
|
|
Slipped Disc
|
A common name for a condition caused by the distortion
|
|
|
Herniated Disc
|
Condition caused by intervertebral compression serve enough to rupture the annulus fibrosus and release the nucleus pulposus, which may protrude beyond the intervertebral space
|
|
|
Arthritis
|
Group of rheumatic diseases that affect synovial joints- involves damage to the articular cartilages
|
|
|
Osteoarthritis
|
Arthritic condition resulting from either cumulative wear and tear on joint surfaces or a genetic predisposition- in USA 25% of women and 15% of men over age 60 shows signs of this disease
|
|
|
Ankylosis
|
Bony fission- tying 2 opposing bones together with a network of collagen fibers
|
|
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis
|
Inflammatory arthritis that affects roughly 2.5% adults- cause is unknown but allergies, bacteria, viruses, and genetic factors have all been proposed
|
|
|
Synovotis
|
Swelling and inflammation of the synovial membrane- associated with rheumatoid arthritis
|
|
|
Luxation
|
A dislocation- a condition in which the articulating surfaces are found out of position
|
|
|
Sprain
|
Condition in which a ligament is stretched to the point at which some of the collagen fibers are torn- the ligament remains functional and the joint is not affected
|
|
|
Sublaxation
|
A partial dislocation- results in less physical damage to the joint than occurs during a dislocation
|
|
|
Arthroscope
|
Uses fiber optics to permit the exploration of a joint without major surgery
|
|
|
Bony Crepitus
|
Crackling or grating sound generated during the movement of an abnormal joint- sometimes painful
|
|
|
Meniscectomy
|
The removal of affected cartilage
|
