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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1) Cell walls that contain peptidoglycan (aka murein).
a) Archaea b) Bacteria c) Eukarya d) Archaea and Bacteria e) All 3 domains |
B
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2) Species that are classified based on reproductive isolation
a) Archaea b) Bacteria c) Eukarya d) Archaea and Bacteria e) All 3 domains |
C
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3) Plasma membranes that contain lipids formed from branched, aliphatic chains covalently joined to glycerol by an ether bond
a) Archaea b) Bacteria c) Eukarya d) Archaea and Bacteria e) All 3 domains |
A
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4) Cells that have both 80S and 70S ribosomes
a) Archaea b) Bacteria c) Eukarya d) Archaea and Bacteria e) All 3 domains |
C
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5) Cells that have coupled transcription and translation processes
a) Archaea b) Bacteria c) Eukarya d) Archaea and Bacteria e) All 3 domains |
D
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6) For which of the following pairs of organisms would you expect the sequences of the small ribosomal subunit RNAs to be the most similar?
a) An archaea and a eukaryote b) A bacterium and an archaea c) A gram-positive bacterium and a gram-negative bacterium d) Shigella boydii and Shigella sonnei |
D
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7) Spirochete, Vibrio, Bacillus, and Coccus shapes refer to, respectively:
a) Flexible spiral, curved-rod, rod, and sphere b) Rigid spiral, curved-rod, rod, and sphere c) Curved-rod, flexible spiral, sphere, and rod d) Sphere, curved-rod, rod, and rigid spiral e) None of the above |
A
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8) Which of the following does NOT require specific transport systems for passage across the plasma membrane?
a) CO2 b) Sugars c) Fe3+ d) Amino acids e) All of the above require specific transport systems to be transported into the cytoplasm |
A
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9) Based on the following figure showing the prokaryotic cytoskeletal elements, which of the choices correspond to labels A, B, and C?
a) FtsZ, MreB, crescentin b) MreB, crescentin, FtsZ c) MreB, FtsZ, crescentin d) crescentin, MreB, FtsZ e) FtsZ, crescentin, MreB |
A
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10) Which of the following statements concerning inclusion bodies is FALSE?
a) May be composed of granules of organic or inorganic material b) The membrane surrounding them is often composed of protein or proteins and lipids c) When proteins are overexpressed in biotechnology applications, they can accumulate in inclusion bodies d) The membrane surrounding inclusion bodies in bacterial cells is composed of mostly phospholipids, sterols and sphingolipids |
D
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11) Which of the following is NOT a general function of the bacterial cell wall?
a) Helps determine cell shape b) Protects cells from lysis (bursting) in hypertonic medium c) Protects cells from lysis (bursting) in hypotonic medium d) Provides rigidity e) Its components can help determine how pathogenic an organism will be |
C
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12) Which of the following statements concerning lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is TRUE?
a) It is a component of fungal cell walls b) It is a component of peptidoglycan c) It is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria d) It is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-positive bacteria e) It is a component of archaeal plasma membranes |
C
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13) Which of the following statements concerning the bacterial flagellum (flagella is plural) and/or pilus (pili is plural) is TRUE?
a) The flagellum’s three basic parts are the basal body, hook, and filament b) Flagella and pili are each composed of carbohydrate subunits c) Flagella and pili are each composed of microtubules arranged in a 9+2 pattern d) Pili with roles in attachment are called flagella e) The structures of flagella and pili lie entirely inside the cell’s plasma membrane |
A
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14) If a Gram-negative bacterium has a capsule, where will it be located with respect to the cell?
a) Between the plasma membrane and the cell wall b) The outermost layer of the cell envelope c) In the cytoplasm, attached to the inner face of the plasma membrane d) On the periplasmic side of the outer membrane |
B
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15) As a percentage (%) of dry weight what is the most abundant element in cells?
a) Oxygen b) Hydrogen c) Nitrogen d) Phosphorus e) Carbon |
E
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16) Which of the following is FALSE about plasma membranes in all three domains?
a) The outer leaflet of plasma membranes always contains lipopolysaccharides, which confer a negative charge to the cell surface. b) They all contain integral membrane proteins, some of which are important for transport of nutrients. c) They are not homogenous. d) Plasma membrane fluidity can be modulated in response to temperature fluctuations (within a certain range). e) They all have two polar surfaces, one facing the cytoplasm and one facing the environment, separated by hydrophobic aliphatic chains. |
A
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17) Which of the following drugs targets peptidoglycan biosynthesis?
a) Polymyxin B b) Kanamycin c) Amphotericin B d) Penicillin e) Streptomycin |
D
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18) A microaerophilic and psychrotrophic bacterium is the major causative agent for food spoilage. This bacterium is not pathogenic to humans. Which of the following is NOT an appropriate storage condition to prevent food spoilage?
a) 4°C with atmospheric air b) 25°C in a humid chamber with modified air containing low levels of O2 c) 25°C in a package with modified air enriched with O2 d) 4°C in a vacuum package e) -20°C with atmospheric air |
B
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19) Some prokaryotes contain cytoplasmic gas vacuoles. What is the function of this organelle?
a) To store CO2 for carbon fixation b) To store O2 for respiration c) To regulate cell buoyancy d) To store gaseous byproducts of metabolism e) To store N2 for nitrogen fixation |
C
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20) An exponentially growing bacterial culture contains 1,000 cells at time 0. The bacterium reproduces by binary fission and its generation time is 2 hours. How many bacteria do you predict there will be in the culture 8 hours later?
a) 1 x 103 b) 4 x 103 c) 8 x 103 d) 1.6 x 104 e) 3.2 x 104 |
D
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21) Culture conditions change as the bacteria grow, and waste products may accumulate to high levels.
a) A characteristic of bacteria that reproduce by binary fission b) A characteristic of a continuous culture c) A characteristic of a batch culture d) A characteristic of both continuous and batch cultures |
C
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22) Which of the following statement about metagenomics is FALSE?
a) No requirement for pre-existing knowledge of the composition of the microbial community b) Works even though not all the microorganisms can be cultured in vitro c) Based on the fact that SSU rRNA sequences are highly conserved d) Provides a view of what microorganisms are present in the community e) Based on a comparison of morphological and biochemical properties of the microorganisms |
A
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23) Which of the following statements about Sec-dependent secretion of proteins is FALSE?
a) The signal peptide is removed from the preprotein after it emerges from the plasma membrane. b) Chaperones are important for protein translocation because they form channels in the plasma membrane. c) The protein being translocated is in an unfolded form during the translocation process. d) Proteins to be translocated are often synthesized by ribosomes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (in eukaryotes) or plasma membrane (in prokaryotes). |
B
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24) An organism is capable of reducing carbon dioxide to carbohydrate using energy obtained from oxidizing H2S. Which type of metabolism from the list is most appropriate for this organism?
a) Photolithoautotroph b) Photoorganoheterotroph c) Chemolithoautotroph d) Chemoorganoheterotroph |
C
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