Exam 1 Infection Control & Prevention

Front 1

DEF: An invastion of body tissue by pathogenic microorganisms which proliferate and can cause damage/loss of function.

Back 1

Infection

Front 2

DEF: Term meaning disease producing

Back 2

Pathogenic

Front 3

DEF: To grow and multiply

Back 3

Proliferate

Front 4

A condition of abnormal function involving any structure, part, or system of the organism.

Back 4

Disease

Front 5

T/F - Pathogenic organisms are only found in/on the body when we are sick.

Back 5

FALSE - Pathogenic organisms are always on/in the body but only affect us when we become susceptible to disease.

Front 6

T/F - A disease is not always an infection.

Back 6

TRUE - Disease is an condition of abnormal function, but NOT necessarily caused by pathogenic organisms.

Front 7

DEF: The process by which strains of microorganisms may grow & multiply but do not cause disease.

Back 7

Colonization

Front 8

DEF: Strains of microorganisms which grow on (colonize) the body but do not produce disease

Back 8

Resident Flora

Front 9

T/F - E. coli is commonly found in the urinary tract but causes problems in the GI tract.

Back 9

False - E. coli is commonly found in the GI tract but causes problems in the URINARY tract.

Front 10

DEF: The causal relationship between a problem and its related or risk factors.

Back 10

Etiology

Front 11

DEF: The most common cause of infections.

Back 11

Bacteria

Front 12

4 causes of infections. (does not include Pions).

Back 12

Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Parasites (including protozoa)

Front 13

An infection that is transmitted from one person to another is called...

Back 13

Communicable (transmitted in the community)

Front 14

An infection that is acquired during delivery of health care.

Back 14

HAI (healthcare associated infection)

Front 15

An infection that is acquired in the hospital.

Back 15

Nosocomial

Front 16

DEF: A type of infection or disease coming from the person himself

Back 16

Endogenous

Front 17

DEF: A type of infection or disease coming from an outside source

Back 17

Exogenous

Front 18

DEF: A type of infection or disease caused as a direct result of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Back 18

iatrogenic

Front 19

A major cause of HAI and/or nosocomial infections

Back 19

Handwashing

Front 20

T/F - If a patient develops a pressure ulcer because of insufficient turning, that is an iatrogenic incident.

Back 20

FALSE - The ulcer was not caused SPECIFICALLY by a procedure.

Front 21

An infection in the blood.

Back 21

Bacteremia

Front 22

An infection causing multiple organs to be involved.

Back 22

Septicemia; patients called septic, or as having sepsis.

Front 23

DEF: Rapid onset.

Back 23

Acute

Front 24

DEF: Type of condition lasting longer than 6 months

Back 24

Chronic

Front 25

Describes infections that don't respond to antibiotics.

Back 25

Resistant, aka Superbugs

Front 26

DEF: An infection that is caused because of a weakened immune system

Back 26

Supra-infection, aka opportunistic infection

Front 27

Which is/are a factor(s) in risk for infection:
Nutritional status
Heredity
Stress
Cultural Practices

Back 27

All.

Front 28

DEF: another name for swelling

Back 28

Edema

Front 29

DEF: another name for redness

Back 29

erythema

Front 30

Who would have a change in sensorium and when?

Back 30

Elderly when suffering an infection.

Front 31

Type of Immunity when host produces its own antibodies from exposure to antigens.

Back 31

ACTIVE Antibody mediated (B-cell). Can be Natural exposure (from the disease agent) or artificial (antigens are given to cause the response; vaccine)

Front 32

Type of Immunity when host receives antibodies.

Back 32

PASSIVE Antibody mediated (B-cell). Can be natural (baby receives antibodies from the mother) or artificial (company manufactures antibodies)

Front 33

Type of immunity from T-cells; age decreases effectiveness.

Back 33

Cell-mediated immunity

Front 34

T/F Hot water solidifies protein.

Back 34

TRUE - Wash uniforms in cold water to remove blood

Front 35

A 1:10 bleach solution will have what effect on inanimate objects; cannot be done to live tissue.

Back 35

Disinfect

Front 36

The removal of all organisms from an inanimate object.

Back 36

Sterilization

Front 37

CHAIN OF INFECTION: The cause of an infection.

Back 37

Etiologic agent

Front 38

CHAIN OF INFECTION: Where is that agent/organism living and growing in the body

Back 38

Reservoir

Front 39

DEF: People who have an infectious organisms living in them but do not have the illness.

Back 39

Carriers

Front 40

DEF: Ability to produce diesase

Back 40

Virulence

Front 41

DEF: How an etiologic agent leaves the body.

Back 41

Portal of exit

Front 42

DEF: How an etiologic agent moves from one person to another.

Back 42

Mode of transmission

Front 43

Mode of transmission: sneezing or coughing w/in 3 feet, biting, , sexual contact

Back 43

Direct contact

Front 44

Mode of transmission: Vehicle borne (fomites) or vector borne (insects or animal carrier)

Back 44

Indirect contact

Front 45

Mode of transmission: from a distance greater than 3 feet.

Back 45

Airborne

Front 46

DEF: How an etiologic agent enters a potential host

Back 46

Portal of entry

Front 47

DEF: A person at risk for contracting disease from an etiologic agent

Back 47

Susceptible host

Front 48

Systems of Isolation Precautions for Organisms <5 microns

Back 48

Airborne precautions - N95 mask

Front 49

Systems of Isolation Precautions: Organisms >5 microns

Back 49

Droplet precautions - surgical mask

Front 50

Systems of Isolation Precautions: Organisms passed through direct interaction between hosts and susceptible hosts

Back 50

Contact - glove, gown

Front 51

Isolation to protect the client due to compromised immunity.

Back 51

Reverse Isolation - precautions to keep from introducing anything to the client