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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 layers of skin?
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Epidermis, dermis
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Where is thick skin found?
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Palms of the hands and soles of the feet ONLY!
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What are the 7 functions of skin?
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1. Resistance to trauma/infection
2. Barrier 3. Vit D synthesis 4. Sensation 5. Thermoregulation 6. Nonverbal communication 7. Absorption |
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What kind of epithelium is epidermis?
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Keratinized stratified squamous
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Where are stem cells located? (stratum)
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Stratum basale
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Where are melanocytes located?
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Stratum basale
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Where are tactile cells located?
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Stratum basale
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Where are dendritic cells located? What are they?
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Stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum. They are immune cells.
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What is the thickest layer in thin skin? In thick skin?
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Stratum spinosum in thin skin, stratum lucidum in thick skin
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Above which strata are cells waterproof and why?
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Above the stratum granulosum, this is due to lamellar granules
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What type of muscle is the arrector pili?
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Smooth muscle
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What do dermal papillae create?
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Fingerprints
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What are the 2 layers of the dermis and what are their functions?
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1. Papillary layer (loose areolar tissue) - allows movement of immune cells, rich in BVs
2. Reticular layer (dense irregular tissue) - strength |
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What are the functions of the hypodermis?
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1. Cushion
2. Binds the skin to underlying muscle |
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What are the pigments for eumelanin, pheomelanin, hemoglobin, and carotene?
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Eumelanin = brownish black
Pheomelanin = reddish yellow Hemoglobin = red Carotene = yellow |
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Where does carotene concentrate?
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Stratum corneum and subcutaneous fat
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In darker-skinned people, list the qualities of melanin.
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1. Breaks down more slowly
2. More high quality melanin 3. Can be seen through epidermis 4. Produce more melanin 5. Spread out throughout epidermis |
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In light-skinned people, list the qualities of melanin.
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1. Breaks down quickly
2. Lesser quality melanin 3. Can't be seen beyond stratum basale 4. Clumped near nucleus |
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Evolutionary perspective on different skin color.
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People closer to the equator evolved high-quality melanin, people toward the poles did not need it (lower quality of melanin).
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What are the accessory organs of the skin?
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Hair, nails, and cutaneous glands
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What kind of keratin are hair and nails made of?
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Hard keratin vs. soft keratin in stratum corneum of skin
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Why don't we have hair on the palms and soles?
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Hair is associated with sebaceous glands which make oil and would make it too slippery to grab things or walk.
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What kind of hair grows on the fetus?
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Lanugo, unpigmented
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What kind of hair replaces lanugo?
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Vellus, pale
2/3 of the hair in women 1/10 of the hair in men |
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What are the 3 zones of hair?
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1. Bulb - living hair
2. Root 3. Shaft |
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What structure provides nutrition to the hair bulb?
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Dermal papilla
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What is the region of mitotically active cells above the papilla called?
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Hair matrix
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What are the 3 layers of hair in cross section?
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1. Medulla (inner)
2. Cortex (middle) 3. Cuticle (outer) = visible part |
