Exam 1 - 4 Final Exam

Front 1

Which of the following is the correct statement regarding competitive inhibition of enzymes?

Back 1

Competitive inhibition can be reversed by increasing substrate concentration

Front 2

Which of the following is the correct statement regarding non–competitive inhibition of enzymes?

Back 2

Non–competitive inhibitors bind to the enzyme at a site other than the active site

Front 3

How many molecules of ATP are produced by metabolizing 1 molecule of glucose in aerobic conditions?

Back 3

36 ATP for EUKARYOTES

38 ATP for PROKARYOTES

Front 4

How many molecules of ATP are produced by metabolizing 1 molecule of glucose in anaerobic conditions?

Back 4

2 ATP for EUKARYOTES

2 ATP for PROKARYOTES

Front 5

Fermentation is carried out in which environmental conditions?

Back 5

Anaerobic conditions

Front 6

Fermentation allow cells to regenerate which molecule?

Back 6

NAD+

Front 7

What is the purpose of light dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Back 7

Produce ATP

Front 8

What is the purpose of light independent reactions of photosynthesis?

Back 8

Fixing carbon

Produce glucose

Front 9

How does DNA polymerase differentiate between the newly synthesized DNA strand & template strand?

Back 9

Methylation of the template strand

(Old Strand)

Front 10

What is the primary purpose of polymerase chain reaction?

Back 10

Amplify amount of genetic material

(DNA or RNA)

Front 11

Which of the following is NOT a target of anti–microbial agent against prokaryotic cells?

Back 11

Mitochondria

Front 12

What is the purpose of applying high pressures in the autoclave?

Back 12

High pressure increases the temperature at which water turns into steam; allowing higher temperature steam to be achieved

Front 13

What is the most common mechanism of action for a chemical anti–microbial agent (DISINFECTANTS)?

Back 13

Inactivating proteins by denaturation

or alteration

Front 14

Which of the following antibiotics is bactericidal?

Back 14

Aminoglycoside

Front 15

Which of the following antibiotic is NOT BROAD SPECTRUM (i.e. effective against both gram positive & gram negative)?

Back 15

Penicillin

(Gram +)

Front 16

Which of the following organisms is NOT a LACTOBACILLALE (PRODUCE LACTIC ACID DURING fermentation)

Back 16

Bacillus

Front 17

Which of the following Actinobacteria have a cell wall composed of waxy lipids and could only be stained by acid–fast stains?

Back 17

Mycobacterium

Front 18

Which of the following intracellular parasites DOES NOT contain CELL WALLS?

Back 18

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 19

Which of the following does NOT belong to the CLASS Gammaproteobacteria (gram -)?

Back 19

Clostridium Tetani

(gram +)

Front 20

Which GENERA is NOT in the PHYLUM Spirochaetes (gram +)?

Back 20

Listeria

(gram negative)

Front 21

Which of the following phylum is NOT gram negative?

Back 21

Firmicute

(gram +)

Front 22

Viral envelopes are composed of?

Back 22

Portions of the host's cell membrane

Front 23

Which of the following in NOT direct/indirectly caused by the release of histamine?

Back 23

Dolor

Front 24

Which of the following cells produce antibodies?

Back 24

Plasma cells

(Mature B cells – short life, weeks)

Front 25

Which of the following statements regarding lymphocyte CELL RECEPTORS is true?

Back 25

BCRs highly specific

TCRs degenerate

Front 26

Passive immunization is conferred by the administration of which agent?

Back 26

Antibodies

Front 27

Which type of vaccine has a risk of reactivation?

Back 27

Attenuated

Front 28

Which type of immunoglobulin is found in natural passive immunization?

Back 28

IgA

(Mother passes milk to baby)

Front 29

When enough people in a population are vaccinated/immune against a disease, it prevents the disease from spreading within the population. This property is know as?

Back 29

Community Immunity

Population Immunity

Front 30

Which of the following toxins is NOT PRODUCED by the VIBRIO SP.?

Back 30

Neurotoxins

Front 31

Which of the following FUNGI is an OBLIGATE PARASITE?

Back 31

Pneumocystis

Front 32

Which of the following viruses IS NOT CAPABLE of REACTIVATION?

Back 32

Adenoviridae

Front 33

Which of the following VIRUSES is the MOST STABLE in the EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (outside of a human host)?

Back 33

Papillomaviridae

(warts, survive fomites for months)

Front 34

Which of the following is NOT A RNA virus?

Back 34

HepaDNAviridae

Front 35

Enterovirus are susceptible to which of the following treatments?

Back 35

Ionizing Radiation

(kills everything)

Front 36

Which of the following viruses are enveloped?

Back 36

Hepadnaviridae