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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Choose the correct order from lightest to heaviest:
A. proton, atom, molecule, compound, electron B. atom, proton, compound, molecule, electron C. electron, proton, atom, molecule, compound D. atom, electron, proton, molecule E. proton, atom, electron, molecule, compound |
C. electron, proton, atom, molecule, compound
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The strongest bonds between two atoms in solution are:
A. covalent B. ionic C. hydrogen D. hydrophobic interactions |
A. Covalent
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Dehydration synthesis is involved in the synthesis of all of the following, except:
A. DNA B. proteins C. polysaccharies D. lipids E. monosaccharides |
E. monosaccharides
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The primary structure of a protein relates to its:
A. sequence of amino acids B. length C. shape D. solubility E. bonds between amino acids |
A. sequence of amino acids
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Pure water has all of the following properties, except:
A. polarity B. ability to dissolve lipids C. pH of 7 D. covalent joining of its atoms E. ability to form hydrogen bonds |
B. ability to dissolve lipids
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The macromolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in an appx. ratio of 1:2:1 are:
A. proteins B. lipids C. polysaccharides D. DNA E. RNA |
C. polysaccharides
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In proteins, alpha helix and beta pleated structures are associated with the:
A. primary structure B. secondary structure C. tertiary structure D. quaternary structure E. multiprotein complexes |
B. secondary structure
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Complementarity plays a major role in the structure of:
A. proteins B. lipids C. polysaccharides D. DNA E. RNA |
D. DNA
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A bilayer is associated with:
A. proteins B. DNA C. RNA D. complex polysaccharides E. phospholipids |
E. phospholipids
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Isomers are associated with:
A. carbohydrates and amino acids B. amino acids and nucleotides C. nucleotides and RNA D. RNA and fatty acids E. carbohydrates and fatty acids |
A. carbohydrates and amino acids
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Cytoplasmic membrane
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1. biguanides
2. phenolics 3. quats |
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Proteins
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1. alcohols
2. halogens 3. metals 4. ozone 5. peroxygens |
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DNA
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1. ethylene oxide
2. aldehydes |
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The general term to describe the interconnected anabolic and catabolic reactions in a cell is:
A. enzymatic B. thematic C. aerobic respiration D. metabolism |
D. metabolism
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The most common starting pathway for the breakdown of sugars is:
A. respiration B. fermentation C. glycolysis D. oxidation |
C. glycolysis
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The terminal electron acceptor in bacterial respiration may be:
A. oxygen B. nitrate C. NAD D. sulfate E. a, b, and/or d |
E. a, b, and/or d
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Which of the following metabolic processes generates the greatest amount of energy?
A. fermentation B. aerobic respiration C. the Entner-Duodoroff pathway D. glycolysis E. a and c |
B. aerobic respiration
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Fermentation:
A. uses an inorganic molecule as the final electron acceptor B. uses an organic molecule as the final electron acceptor C. results in the production of a large amount of ATP D. is necessary in some organisms to produce reduced electron carriers |
B. uses an organic molecule as the final electron acceptor
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In bacteria, proton motive force:
A. is used to synthesize ATP B. is used to drive flagella rotation C. is used to produce NADH D. is used to produce FADH2 E. a and b |
E. a and b
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The two strands of DNA are bonded to one another by:
A. covalent bonds B. oxygen bonds C. hydrogen bonds D. carbon bonds |
C. hydrogen bonds
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How many nucleotides are in a codon?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 |
C. 3
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Which molecule carries an anticodon?
A. DNA B. mRNA C. rRNA D. tRNA |
D. tRNA
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AUG:
A. is only used as the start codon B. codes for methionine C. determines the reading frame D. is one of the stop codons E. b and c |
E. b and c
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The three domain classification scheme uses:
A. order, phylum, class B. plants, animals, bacteria, C. protista, prokayotae, fungaea D. Archaea, Bacteria, Eucarya |
D. Archaea, Bacteria, Eucarya
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T/F - All known species of bacteria are described in "Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology."
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True
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Organisms that grow very slowly, are non-culturable, are present in very small numbers or are mixed with a number of other bacteria may still be identified using:
A. Southern blotting B. replica planting C. PCR D. gas chromatogaphy of fatty acids |
C. PCR
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Which of the rRNA molecules has proven the most useful in bacterial taxonomy/identification?
A. 5S B. 80S C. 16S D. 23S |
C. 16S
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T/F - Numerical taxonomy uses a battery of phenotypic characteristics to classify bacteria.
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True
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The Gram-positive rod that is also acid fast and is a human pathogen is:
A. Corynebacterium diptheria B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis C. Streptococcus pyogenes D. Listeria monocytogenes |
B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Treponema and Borrelia:
A. are luminescent B. are endosymbionts C. are spirochaetes D. are both easily grown on artificial media |
C. are spirochaetes
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Mycoplasma:
A. lack peptidoglycan B. are the smallest free-living organisms C. have sterols in their membranes D. are killed penicillin E. a, b, and c |
E. a, b, and c
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Which of the following is/are obligate intracellular parasites:
A. Chlamydia and Rickettsia B. E. coli and Pseudomonas C. Mycoplasma D. Treponema pallidum |
A. Chlamydia and Rickettsia
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T/F - Chlamydia occurs in two forms, a reticulate body and an elementary body.
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True
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Which dinoflagellate kills fish by dispersing toxins directly into the water?
A. Pyrrophyta B. Chlorophyta C. Rhodophyta D. Pfiesteria |
D. Pfiesteria
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The Giardia and Trichomonas protozoans use _____ motility.
A. ciliary B. flagellar C. pseudopod D. swarming |
B. flagellar
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One of the greatest human killers of all time has been the Malaria protozoan,
A. Giardia B. Histoplasma C. Trypanosoma D. Plasmodium |
D. Plasmodium
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Coccidiomycosis is:
A. a fungal disease B. a protozoal disease C. caused by Coccidiodes sp.. D. caused by Candida sp.. E. a and c |
E. a and c
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The enveloped viruses typically obtain their envelope:
A. from the host plasma membrane B. as they exit the host C. from a newly constructed virus-derived membrane D. from the nuclear membrane E. a and b |
E. a and b
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T/F Both naked and enveloped animal viruses may enter the host cell via endocytosis.
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True
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In latent viral infections, the virions are:
A. constantly produced B. only produced during reactivation C. produced slowly D. continually being slowly budded out |
B. only produced during reactivation
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The viruses most associated with causing tumors in humans are:
A. DNA viruses B. bacteriophages C. budding viruses D. retroviruses |
A. DNA viruses
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Viroids cause disease in:
A. animals B. plants C. bacteria D. fungus |
B. plants
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Prions affect the:
A. respiratory system B. gastrointestinal system C. nervous system D. lymphatic system |
C. nervous system
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Which of the following is true about the role normal flora play in maintaining host health?
A. They provide a surface that is incompatible for attachment of an invader. B. They establish competition for nutrients and vitamins. C. They produce antimicrobial substances. D. They stimulate the immune system. E. all of the above |
E. all of the above
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The number of organisms necessary to insure infection is termed the:
A. infectious dose B. fatal number C. minimum lethal dose D. pathogenic number |
A. infectious dose
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T/F - During incubation and convalescence a person may still spread infectious organisms.
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True
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The chemical nature of an exotoxin is that of a:
A. protein B. carbohydrate C. lipid D. lipopolysaccharide |
A. protein
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Which is true about superantigens?
A. They are a type of exotoxin. B. They bind to MHC class I molecules on B cells. C. They enhance specific antibody production. D. They are processed intracellularly. |
A. They are a type of exotoxin
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Diseases constantly present in a population are called:
A. epidemic B. chronic C. latent D. endemic |
D. endemic
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Diseases that primarily exist in animals, but may be transmitted to humans are called:
A. parasitic B. symbiotic C. zoonotic D. epidemic |
C. zoonotic
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The period of time between exposure to an agent and the onset of disease signs and symptoms is called the:
A. prodromal phase B. decline phase C. incubation period D. lag phase |
C. incubation period
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When an infectious disease cannot spread in a population because it lacks a sufficient number of susceptible hosts, the phenomenon is referred to as:
A. protected population B. active immunity C. passive immunity D. herd immunity |
D. herd immunity
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T/F - Diseases with long incubation periods are more likely to spread extensively.
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True
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Staphylococcus aureus may be the causative agent of all these conditions except:
A. furuncles B. scalded skin syndrome C. impetigo D. tinea versicolor E. carbuncles |
D. tinea versicolor
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Lyme disease is caused by:
A. Propionibacterium acnes B. Streptococcus pyogenes C. Rickettsia rickettsii D. Borrelia burgdorferi E. Epidermophyton |
D. Borrelia burgdorferi
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Varicella-zoster virus causes:
A. measles B. German measles C. chickenpox D. Fifth disease E. English measles |
C. chickenpox
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Warts are caused by:
A. a poxvirus B. a togavirus C. a papillomavirus D. a parvovirus E. a herpesvirus |
C. a papillomavirus
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A tick is the vector for which of the following diseases?
A. Lyme disease B. Roseola C. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever D. a and c E. all of the above |
D. a and c
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Which of the following organisms produces a green discoloration of a wound?
A. Streptococcus pyogenes B. Staphylococcus epidermidis C. Staphylococcus aureus D. Pasteurella multocida E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Which of the following organisms is a non-invasive exotoxin producer?
A. Clostridium tetani B. Clostridium perfrigens C. Bartonella henselae D. Bacteriodes spp. E. Pasteurella multocida |
A. Clostridium tetani
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The patient's own body is the most common source for which bacteria:
A. Streptococcus pyogenes B. Staphylococcus epidermidis C. Staphylococcus aureus D. Pasteurella multocida E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
B. Staphylococcus epidermidis
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Which of the following is the most common cause of myonecrosis?
A. Clostridium tetani B. Clostridium perfrigens C. Staphylococcus aureus D. Pasteurella multocida E. Streptobacillus moniliformis |
B. Clostridium perfrigens
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Which of the following organisms most often results in disease from animal bites?
A. Sporothrix schenckii B. Clostridium perfrigens C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa D. Pasteurella multocoda E. Streptobacillus moniliformis |
D. Pasteurella multocida
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Collections of bacteria that adhere to the surfaces of the teeth are called:
A. dental caries B. dental plaque C. halitosis D. periodontal disease |
B. dental plaque
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H. pylori is, in part, able to survive in the stomach by its ability to produce:
A. lactic acid from sugar B. fatty acids from sebum C. neutralizing proteins from glucans D. ammonia from urea |
D. ammonia from urea
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Where in the body does the latent, non-infectious non-replicating, form of the herpes simplex virus persist?
A. motor neurons B. red blood cells C. cranial nerves D. sensory nerves |
D. sensory nerves
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Shigella and cholera toxin both:
A. have an A-B arrangement B. work through ADP ribosylation C. increase cAMP levels. D. prevent protein synthesis |
A. have an A-B arrangement
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Which E. coli group produces a toxin somewhat similar to that produced by Shigella dysenteriae?
A. enterotoxigenic B. enteroinvasive C. enteropathogenic D. enterohemorrhagic E. all of the above |
D. enterohemorrhagic
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6. The food products most commonly contaminated with Salmonella strains are:
A. meat and seafood B. milk and cheese C. fruit and vegetables D. eggs and poultry |
D. eggs and poultry
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7. In which of these organs does a carrier of typhoid bacilli maintain the bacteria?
A. liver B. gallbladder C. Peyer’s patches D. colon E. a and c |
B. gallbladder
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Hepatitis A spreads via:
A. the respiratory route B. blood transfusion C. body fluids D. the fecal-oral route |
D. the fecal-oral route
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Giardiasis may be contracted from
A. another person B. clear mountain streams C. chlorinated city water D. cold filtered beer E. a, b and c |
E. a, b and c
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Most North American outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis: have been associated with
A. cattle B. iguanas C. imported leafy vegetables and berries, especially raspberries D. chickens |
C. imported leafy vegetables and berries, especially raspberries
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