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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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humanism |
The study of the Latin and Greek classics and of the Church Fathers both for their own sake and to promote a rebirth of ancient norms and values. |
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Giorgio Vasair |
first to use the term "renaissance" |
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Major Renaissance Centers |
Venice, Milan, Florence (all major trade centers) |
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Medici Family |
– ruled behind the scenes – Not a king but an important ruler – They were important bankers – had enough money that they could afford to do anything: portraits, want to murals, sculptures – Gave the people something back after the plague |
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Cosimo De Medici |
-Make sure government was loyal to him – Because of the way he ruled, we consider him a great politician – spreads the Renaissance – Love the arts – the welcoming environment allowed artists to grow |
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Lorenzo de Medici |
-no as shrewd of a ruler as grandfather -loved the arts : Lorenzo the Magnificent -artists flourished under him
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Giovani de Medici |
Pope Leo X -joined the Cardinals around 1480s -not as strict rules in clergy -responsible of one or more tumultuous ti periods -indulgences, crap load of money used to expand the vatican (ex. St. Peter's coliseum) |
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Venice |
-travel by water ways -gov. is an oligarchy -figurehead : doge- rule for life, limited pawer, at beck and call of council of ten |
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Literature and humanism |
humanists used latin, language of the ducted, and the vernacular of other countries to spread their ideas -schooling wasn't mandatory (only about 10% of people could read; current is 62%) |
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Dante Alighieri |
Divine Comedy -Cahracter travels through Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise 1. Hell -7 levels of hell catalogued by deadly sins 2. guide is Virgil : classical period,stands for reason 3. |
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Francesco Petrarch |
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Giovanni Boccacio |
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Baldassre Castiglione |
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Niccolo Machiavelli |
The Prince -#1 political piece of lit. from the Renaissance -wrote to get back in good graces with Medicis -rejected Christian view of politics; preferred a secular rule |
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Lorenzo Valla |
-proves that the Donation of Constantine is fake -it was really from about 700 AD by Peppin (French king) |
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Johannes Gutenburg |
Gutenberg Bible Printing press -increases literacy rate in Europe |
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Pillaging of Rome 1527 |
-"death blow" to Italian Humanism -political and ecclesiastical complications prevented its recovery |
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Art Characteristics |
-sculptures are about individuals, idealistic, naked; focuses on the fact that humans are made in the image of God so the body should be embraced -paintings are 3D, more colorful, realistic, happy, evoke emotion, frescos
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Giotto |
St Francis Preaching to the Birds -most famous painting -said Francis could talk to animals -secular and religious tones Bell Tower -Florence -covered in multicolored marble -patrons &religious individuals are sculpted on columns |
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Ghiberti |
Baptistry doors -10 panels, takes over 21 yrs -hand carved, extremely detailed -each panel tells a diff. story from bible -all on a solid piece of metal |
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Donatello |
Mary Magdellan -fully clothed -solid piece of metal David -360 degrees -bronze -holding rock and sword (in right hand) -standing on head of goliath -1st nude freestanding statue since greek/roman times |
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Leonardo da Vinci |
renaissance man -he gave the world so much -he fabled in many many arts but not an expert at anything in particular The Last Supper Mona Lisa |
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Michelangelo |
Sistine Chapel -Pope Julius 2nd requested David Pieta Dome of St Peter's |
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Raphael |
Leo X w/ Two Cardinals The School of Athens |
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Rembrandt |
Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer |
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Albrecht Durer |
Praying Hands |
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Brunelleschi |
Il Duomo |
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Phillip II |
El Escorial |
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Brethren of the Common Life |
Thomas A Kempis -made greek and latin classes of catholic church readable by regular people *The Imitation of Christ |
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Desiderius Erasmus |
Erasmian Humanism -not only should we follow the original teachings in bible but it should be a part of current education In Praise of Folly -compares members of cath. church to greek gods -church promotes book Adages |
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College de France |
bring in old manuscripts to teach how to look into literal meanings of bible |
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Francois Rabelais |
Gargantua and Pantagruel -2 giants travel the world and participate in every evil pleasure of the world -moral : repent and you can be forgiven |
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Michel de Montigne |
-from a very wealthy family Essays -collection of his thoughts on religion -critical of church and its dogma and superstitions |
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Geoffrey Chaucer |
Canterbury Tales |
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Thomas More |
Utopia |
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Hundred Years War |
... |
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Louis XI |
re-establishes France as a decent nation -introduced absolutism |
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War of the Roses |
York vs. Lancaster -Tudor ends up w/ the crown -Henry VII --Battle of Bosworth Field: gave him the glory and opportunity to get crown --married Richard III (York) daughter for political reasons |
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Ferdinand and Isabella |
marriage of convenience turned to love -unified Aragon and Castile regions of Spain -worked to purify Spain of moors and Jews
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hermandades |
ppl. whose job was to out ppl who were faking being catholic |
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Reconquista |
reconquering of their own country (Spain) |
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Columbus |
from italy but sailed sea for Spain |
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Spanish Inquisition |
most brutal and bloody -tortured ppl to get confessions that they weren't catholic or that they would convert |
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conversos/merranos |
ppl. who pretended to be catholic to survive |
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Charles V |
HRE -hapsburg family -inbreeding -Charles I of Spain
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Election of HRE |
3 spiritual electors 4secular electors |
