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37 Cards in this Set
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a small town layer who had moved to Paris as a member of the estates-general. Politics was his life, and he was dedicated to using power to benefit the people, whome he loved in the abstrac though not on a one-to-one basis |
Maximellien Robespierre |
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In march 1814 Napoleans 4 greatest ennimies- GB, Prussia, Austria and Russia- had agreed to remain unites, not only to defeate france but also to ensure pease after the war |
Congress of Vienna,
year? |
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a member of a democratic club established in Paris in 1789; were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution, and in association with Robespierre they instituted the Terror of 1793–4. |
Jacobins,
year? |
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the legislative body in France until 1789, representing the three estates of the realm (i.e., the clergy, the nobility, and the commons). |
Estates-General,
year? |
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1792; within the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention during the French Revolution. They campaigned for the end of the monarchy but then resisted the spiraling momentum of the Revolution |
Girondins,
year? |
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A french officer who volunteered his services for the American Revolution to fight against France's biggest enemy G.B. He came back with views of libertty and the notions of republicanism and popular sovereignty |
Marquis de Lafayette |
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King of France 1774-1792; married marie anntoinet |
Louis XVI,
year? |
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1804; The code forbade privileges based on birth, allowed freedom of religion, and specified thatgovernment jobs should go to the most qualified |
Napoleaonic Civil Code,
year? |
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1806; Napolean's effort to bar British goods from the Continent in the hope of weakening Britian's economy and destorying its capacity to wage war |
The Contiental System,
year? |
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Czar of Russia sent Russian and Austrian troops to fight Napolean; 23 March 1801 to 1 December 1825. |
Alexander I,
year? |
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created in March 1793 by the National Convention and then restructured in July 1793, formed the de facto executive government in France during the Reign of Terror (1793–1794), a stage of the French Revolution. |
Committee of Public Safety,
year? |
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so called because its members seats were on the side of the convention hall where the floor slanted upward |
"the Mountain" |
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was an agreement between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, signed on 15 July 1801. It solidified the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France and brought back most of its civil status |
The Concordat,
year? |
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a lower-class Parisian republican in the French Revolution; common people of the lower classes in late 18th century France, a great many of whom became radical and militant partisans of the French Revolution in response to their poor quality of life; ordinary patriots without fine clothes |
Sans-Culottes,
year (early middle or late)? |
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a playwright and phalpheteer, refused to accept the exclusion of women from political rights; in 1788 became very outspoken about her feelings toward woman inequality |
Olympe de Gouge,
year? |
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in the 1760's created an engine powered by steam that could pump water from mines three times as quickly as previous engines; the first functioning steam engine |
James Watt,
year? |
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an ideoloogy based on the beieif that people should be as free from restraint as possible |
Liberalism |
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in 1805 a battle between England and France that took place in a French-Spanish navy fleet |
Battle of Trafalgar,
year? |
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multi-spindle spinning frame. It was invented in 1764 by James Hargreaves in Stanhill, Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire in England. The device reduced the amount of work needed to produce yarn, with a worker able to work eight or more spools at once |
The Spinning Jenny,
year? who? |
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inventor of a spinning frame and founder of cotton factories, was a good example of the successful enterpeuner in the early Industrial Revolution. |
Richard Arkwright |
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was an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer who built the first public inter-city railway line in the world to use steam locomotives, the Liverpool and Manchester Railway whichopened in 1830 |
George Stephenson,
year? |
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the application of new revolution techniques that allowed for a large increase in productivity in the 18th century |
Agricultural Revolution |
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was a leading 19th-century German-American, economistwho developed the "National System" or what some, would call today the National System of Innovation |
Friedrich List |
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one of the best of a new breed of urban reformers; with a background in law he became obssessd with eliminating the property and squalor of the metropolatin area; noted for his work to reform the Poor Laws and improve sanitary conditions and public health. |
Edwin Chadwick |
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in 1833 improve conditions for children working in factories. Young children were working very long hours in workplaces where conditions were often terrible. The basic act was as follows: no child workers under nine years of age. |
Factory Act,
year? |
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1815; was a coalition created by the monarchist great powers of Russia, Austria and Prussia; The intention of the alliance was to restrain republicanism and secularism in Europe in the wake of the devastating French Revolutionary Wars, and the alliance nominally succeeded in this up until the Crimean War (1853 - 1856) |
Holy Alliance,
year? |
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1756–63, the last major conflict before the French Revolution to involve all the great powers of Europe. Generally, France, Austria, Saxony, Sweden, and Russia were aligned on one side against Prussia, Hanover, and Great Britain on the other. |
Seven Year's War,
year? |
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a peasant who is bound to the land and obliged to provide labor services and pay various rents and fees to the lord; considered unfree but not a slave because they couldn't be bought and sold |
serf |
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consisted of clergey and numbered around 130,000 people owned 10% of land |
the first estate |
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nobility composed of no more than 350,000 people who owned 25-30% of land |
the second esate |
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derived their status from officeholding, a pathway that had often enabled commoners to attai nobel rank |
nobility of the robe |
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desendants of the original medevial nobility |
nobility of the sword |
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commoners of society, consitituted the majority of the French population, owned 30-40% of the land |
the third estate |
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What were the main causes of the French Revolution? |
Enlightment: (natural rights, libearlism, advancement of science, capitalism, no organized religion), Debt: (from the seven years war), failure of monarchy: (Louis XVI didn't know much about military and didn't help the poor) , economic system: (merchantilism-- the duty of the state is to require all wealth in the world) |
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1789; the assembly provided the ideology foundation for its actions and an educational device for the nation by adopting this; the french constitution |
The decleration of the right of man and citizen,
year? |
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What were the causes of the INdustrial Revolution in Europe (not England)? |
close to england, trade and agriculture revolution |
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What were causes of the Industrial Revolution in England? |
Trade: (cotton, slaves, potatoes), navy, Nobility interpreted in trade (peasantry/lower class were paid for a days work, nobility was insecure about money, never took money for granted, Central Bank was independent of gov., Joint stock company--a company where everyone intrests) Resources (iron and coal), Rivers and Canals |
