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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Ethics |
Moral principles that govern and individuals or groups behaviors |
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Where do ethics come from? |
Religion, experience, getting older, family, society... |
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How can ethics be problematic? |
Personal opinion, subjectivity, societal conflict, heat of the moment |
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Explain ring of gyges |
Shepard did ring, can turn invisible. Used right to steal kings wife and take over kingdom |
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What's the purpose of ring of gyges? |
To define the point of morality, what would you do if you had the ring? |
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Define psychological egoism |
The theory that people act to serve their own self-interest, or at least what they belief is in their interests. |
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Which for of egoism is descriptive? |
Psychological egoism |
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Define ethical egoism |
The position that people ought to do only what is in their own self interest. |
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What form of egoism is normative? |
Ethical Egoism |
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What is normative? |
What you ought/should do |
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What is descriptive? |
Describes a general condition |
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What is altruistic? |
The position that you ought to look out for others interests. |
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can an altruistic act really be egoist? Give an example |
Yes. For example: if a child is drowning, saving them at the risk of your own life can appear altruistic. But perhaps your real motive is the belief that saving the child will gain you attention and the status of "Hero". |
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can an altruistic act really be egoist? Give an example |
Yes. For example: if a child is drowning, saving them at the risk of your own life can appear altruistic. But perhaps your real motive is the belief that saving the child will gain you attention and the status of "Hero". |
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Why does "ought" not always imply "can"? |
Because you may have a moral obligation to not do something, even if you can. Example: if you can drink large amount of alcohol, should you? What if you have a child to take care of? Example 2: if "ought" to do something, can you do it? Many things require ability's to do it. If you had an obligation to save a drowning child, but can swim, then you don't actually have the ability to do it. |
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How could someone argue that "ought" will always imply "can" |
Clause 1: I have a moral obligation to perform an action ONLY if I am able to do it. Clause 2: I am able to preform an action ONLY if I do it to maximise my own self interest. Therefore: I have a moral obligation to preform an action ONLY if I do it to maximise my self-interest |
