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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Relativists |
Claims morality is context dependent and subjective |
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Ethical absolutism |
Claims there are eternal, universally applicable moral principles |
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Ethical Relativism |
+ Recognises moral diversity + Different cultures hold different ethical beliefs + No cultural position better than any other + What is seen to be moral can vary according to time & place. |
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Absolutist / cognitive perspective |
Seeks universal moral rules or principles |
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Non-consequential / deontological |
+ Actions are intrinsically good or bad + There rightness or wrongness does not depend on their consequences. |
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Consequentialists / teleological |
- The consequence or result of action determines moral position. |
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Consequentialism / Teleological |
Utilitarianism is the most significant consequentialist theory used for moral reasoning in business & govn. + It suggests that actions are right if they maximise the 'utility' or 'happiness' of the majority. |
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Utilitarianism |
Sees an action as morally right if it results in the 'greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people affected by the action'. + Focuses on the collective welfare + Common in business decision making & the basis of much public policy i.e. health care decisions. |
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The utilitarian calculation |
+ It is based on calculating the quantity and quality of happiness i.e. 'cost-benefit' - can we do this easily? + The action with the highest 'utility' would be the most morally correct. + This requires decisions on -what is to be measured? -what is the 'good' for each viable option - who are impacted? (Negatively, Positively, Time Scale) - How intensely are they affected? |
